Page:Illustrations of Indian Botany, Vol. 1.djvu/235

Rh or four series.. Stigmas pointed or subcapitate. Capsules cartilaginous or papery, (rarely coriaceous) for the most part tri-cephalous, placenta nerve-like, or pyramidal, 3-sided—Mr. Royle found Hypericum perforatum on the Himalayas, and it seems not improbable other species may be found.

—Section Androscemineae.—Sepals coriaceous, nearly equal, erect after anthesis. Petals somewhat knife-shaped, obliquely acuminated, deciduous. Androphores 5, very-short, deciduous. Ovary, 5-celled. Styles 5, often united to near the apex. Stigmas minute, suborbiculate. Capsule 5-celled, somewhat coriaceous, placenta pyramidal, 5 sided, 5 crested, (the crests bearing the seeds) persistent. Seed minute, straightish.

To this genus our Hypericum mysorense, Prod. 1, page 99, belongs (N. mysorensis, Wight's Icones, No. 56, N. myrtifolia ? Spach) and H. Hookerianum, perhaps also, several of the Himalayan species.

Mutis and Spach.—Section Brathydineae.—Sepals 5, unequal, or about equal. Petals, hatchet-shaped (ddlabriformia), cuspidate, withering, involute after anthesis! Stamens somewhat definite in number, (9-30, rarely 5) or indefinite, (40-100) persistent. Ovary, 1-celled. Styles 3, (rarely 4-6) straight or recurved, distinct. Stigmas thickish, subcapitate. Capsules papery, or sub-coriaceous, 1-celled, 3 (rarely 4-6) valved, placentas filiform, or nerve-like.

To this genus our Hypericum japonicum and Wightianum, (the plant here figured) and an intermediate form, perhaps a species, lately found in Mysore by Lieut. Munro belong. Of this last, my specimen does not enable me to determine whether it is really a species or only a luxuriant variety of B. japonica. It appears to be a much larger plant, has two stipitate glands on each edge of the sepals, and the margins of the leaves are furnished with a row of black dots. In our characters of both B. japonica and Wightiana, it is particularly mentioned that the leaves have not black dots, which led Mr. Munro to conclude that this one was certainly new on account of its having them. On looking for them, I found that the black colour had faded in drying leaving very pale brown spots, only to be observed by the most careful examination, similar ones are sometimes, though not always found on the leaves of both the others, whence I conclude this is a character of no value from its not being constant even in the same species, nor even on all the leaves of the same plant : the stipitate glands of the calyx, I think, a better character. The minute and copious analysis of B. Wightiana in the accompanying figure will afford a correct idea of the characters of the genus, and if compared with those of Norysca, will prove, that, it is not without good reason the overgrown and polymorphous genus Hypericum is broken down. I acknowledge that, judging from characters only, I think some of M. Spach's genera are made to rest on points of perhaps too trivial importance, but generally, I believe, it will be found we are great gainers by his labours, for previously a more unsatisfactory genus to examine scarcely existed in the vegetable kingdom.

P. S.—After this account of Hypericineae was written and partly in type, I was led in the course of my examination of Guttiferae, to the very unexpected conclusion, that the genus Xanthochymus, could not be retained in that order, and that, with the exception of the seed alone it is much more justly referable to the tribe Desmostemonece of this order, than to Guttiferce. My reasons for adopting this opinion will be explained while treating of Guttiferce, and will I think fully establish its correctness, and at the same time still further prove the intimate relationship existing between these two orders.


 * 1. Brathys (Hypericum) Wightiana—natural size.
 * 2. An expanded flower.
 * 3. Anthers.
 * 4. The ovary somewhat advanced cut transversely, showing it 1-celled with 3 parietal placentae.
 * 5. A fruit nearly mature—natural size.
 * 6. The same magnified.
 * 7. The mature fruit after dehiscence, showing the manner in which the valves separate from the placentae.
 * 8. A seed.
 * 9. The same cut transversely.
 * 10. The testa removed.
 * 11. The embryo.
 * 12. A portion of a leaf magnified, to show the pellucid dots—with the exception mentioned—ail more or less magnified.