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��INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AMERICAN LINGUISTICS

��VOL. I

��The diminutive of sqlau', BEAVER, is formed by initial as well as terminal reduplication: sqEqla'lo', pl.-dim., sqlqEqla'lo'.

As in Thompson, the diminutive of words compounded with the suffix -Elt, YOUNG ONE, is derived by a reduplication of the terminal consonant of the stem:

stlomal'txwi'xwi'lt, CALF Hbl.

qoi'sp, BUFFALO; xquspe'pElt, BUFFALO-CALF B.

sLEmka'lt, DAUGHTER; dim., sLEmqa'kElt B.

emts, GRANDCHILD; EtnEmtsi'tsilt, GREATGRAND- CHILD B. (Snohomish: e'bats, GRANDCHILD, e"ebats,

GREATGRANDCHILD Hbl.)

According to the following cases the diminu- tive sometimes shows a double initial redupli- cation :

xa 'ut Km, GIRL; dim., xuxa'xutEm B.

ts'aL, COLD; dim., ts'Etsa'tsELt B.

A few diminutives are formed by an exten- sion of the accented vowel:

tcuwa'x, CREEK; dim., tcuwo'ux B. xaxEwa't, ROAD; dim., xaxEwa'ut Hbl. tii'q", FIRE; dim., tii"q u Hbl.

(pi., titii'q", pl.-dim., titii"q")

Reduplication is also used to form the following augmentatives:

sxaiix, STONE; aug., sxaxa'nx B.

(Compare: cxa'nix, STONE; drm., cxa'xEniy Hbl.; N. B. The diminutive shows a forward shift of the accent) skulkoa'k'ult, A SINGLE HIGH MOUNTAIN B.

Probably ko'kpi, CHIEF, is also an augmen- tative form. The plural of this word is kupko'kpi B. (Compare Lillooet: kwakwokpl, CHIEFS, H.T.)

The plural-diminutives are formed in exactly the same way as in Thompson. They are in- variably derived from the diminutive form:

pa'zutqwa,LAKE; dim. pl.,pEzpa'pzulqwa Hbl.

sqa'lEmux", MAN; dim. pi., sqalqa'qalEmux" Hbl.

no'xEnox, WOMAN; dim. pi., noxnu'noxEnox Hbl.

tslila", BASKET; dim. pi., ts lilts lila'l'a Hbl.

sqla'pqEn, HEAD; dim. pi., sq!apq!a'q!pqEn Hbl.

sqlau', BEAVER; dim. pi., sqlqEqla'lo' Hbl.

xala'x", TOOTH; dim. pi., xalxala'lux" Hbl.

ci'ltslu, MOCCASIN; dim. pi., ciici'cltslu Hbl.

tci'tx", HOUSE; dim. pi., tcitci'tctx" Hbl.

��xaxEwa'l, ROAD; dim. pi., xaxaxEwa'ul Hbl. cxa'nix, STONE; dim. pi., cxEnxa'xEniy Hbl. sq le'txalaqs, BADGER; dim. pi., sq!Etq!e'q!txalaqs tii'q", FIRE; dim. pi., titii"q" Hbl. (Hbl.

sqlwa'xt, FOOT; dim. pi., sq !oxq !waq !xt Hbl. la'rxqst, FINGER; dim. pi., laxEle'laxqst Hbl.

(dim., le'laxqst)

stcEkwI'l, ARROW; dim. pi., stcuk u tcEkwi'kwEl Hbl. Llame'n, AXE; dim. pi., LlEmLlEme'mEn Hbl. kiolte", QUIVER; dim. pi., klotklolte'te'E Hbl. klect, BAD; dim. pi., k!Eck!ek!ct Hbl. la', GOOD; dim. pi., lEla'l'a Hbl. Lliya", BARK CANOE; dim. pi., L!iL!iye"a Hbl. (Thompson: Liza', dim. pl.,L!EL!Ezai" or

LiELlEza'za' Hbl.) tEmta'tEmt, SMALL CLOUDS Hbl. xqEqS'qcin't, SMALL STARS Hbl.

The word xuxxa'xutEm, LITTLE GIRLS (B.), shows a triple initial reduplication. It is formed from xuxa'xutEm, LITTLE GIRL (x-a'- utEm, GIRL). (Compare Kalispelm: sheshu'tem,

LITTLE GIRL, sheushu'tem, LITTLE GIRLS,

Giorda.)

OKANAGON

Examples of the typical plural reduplication in which the stem including the consonant after the first vowel is repeated are :

sqEltEmS'x, MAN; pi., sqElqEltEme'y B.

hilme'sum, CHIEF; pi., hllelme'xum B. (il = TO STRIKE G.)

k'oms, EYEBROW; pi., k'umko'ms B.

xopt, WEAK; pi., xupxo'pt B.

x-Lot, STONE; pi., xELxLot B.

snaq, TO STEAL; pi., snoqEna'q B.

tsqoaq, TO CRY; pi., tsuqtsqoa'q B.

smalElaxa'a, TO TELL A LIE; pi., smElma'lElaxaa B.

As in Lillooet, Thompson, and Shuswap, the accent is not shifted back in this type of reduplication.

The plural is sometimes also formed by a dieresis of the stem-vowel.

g'utcgoa'tst, STRONG; pi., g'uzetckoa'tct B.

sa'intcQt, TO LAUGH; pi., sayaintcut B.

The diminutive is formed by the shorter type of reduplication with a shift of the accent on the reduplicating syllable:

t'e'k'ut, LAKE; dim., t'e't'aakut B. tEtuwit, BOY

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