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Rh move. Castling is always indicated by the signs, O-O, or O-O-O, as already explained in the English system of notation.

For example, the moves used to illustrate the English system would be recorded by the German system thus:—

The moves are also frequently written in a line or as fractions as shown in the English notation.

The German System of Notation is sometimes abbreviated by:— (1) The omission of the dash, the move being written e2e4. (2) By the omission of the initial letter of the Piece moved when it is evident that it could not be a Pawn. (3) By the omission of the square from which the Piece or Pawn was moved.

In every country, where Chess is played, the Pieces are referred to by their initial