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Rh purpose. Skill in making effective combinations is accounted the surest test of a Chess player.

Command. A square is commanded when any Piece or Pawn occupying it may be attacked. A Piece is said to command a square when it can move into it.

Counter Attack. An indirect and effective way of neutralizing an attack. For example, a combination against one King may be halted or destroyed by an equally strong combination against the other; or an attacked force may be successfully guarded by an attack upon an equal or greater adverse Piece or Pawn.

Counter Gambit. The sacrifice of some part of the second player's force, usually a Pawn, in the opening of the game to obtain an advantage in position. (See Openings and Gambit).

Début. Opening.

Defence. The correlative of attack. The second player, generally the Black, at the beginning of the game, is said to have the defence, as the first player is said to