Page:Home labor saving devices (1917).djvu/136

 APPENDIX

FUNDAMENTALS IN WOODWORKING

—Some of the terms used in the text are explained in this chapter.

Tenon.—A tenon is a piece of wood shaped like a tongue by dividing the end into three rectangular parts, cutting the sides away and leaving the middle which is shaped to form a tongue.

Mortise.—A mortise is a hollow cut in to receive a corresponding piece of wood. It is made by measuring the required distances on a piece of wood and boring holes. Take out these portions of wood with a chisel until the mortise is of the required size. Mortise and tenon joints put together in one direction, as those made in the back of a chair, are much easier made than those which are joined in two directions, as in the framework of a stool.

Mitred Joint.—There are many modifications of this joint but the one most used is the one made at an angle of 45 degrees. Mitred joints are easily made but they have a tendency to shrink, leaving an opening on the inside of the joint.

Cleat.—A piece of wood nailed down to secure something from slipping. The size of a cleat will be determined by the weight which it is to hold.

Bevel.—A bevel is a finished edge to a piece of wood. The kind of problem must determine the kind of beveled edge to be made. The blade of the square must be set at the correct angle in making a bevel edge. The most popular bevel is made by setting the bevel square at an angle of 45 degrees.

Bracket or Brace.—A supporting piece for a shelf or any other place which needs strengthening.

Panel.—Any area out of level. It may be sunk below or raised above the general face of the surrounding work. They are set in grooves made the proper depth with a plane. Every piece of wood used in panelling must be straight with the face surface of the wood and straight and square with the front edge to make a flat and square panel.