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56 J. H. Walsh. The songbook was preceded by a four-page song card, which sold for 5 cents and which included "Hold the Fort" along with "The Red Flag" and "The Marseillaise."

135. Schneider, in Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences, vol. 13, p. 366.

136. Letter to Scheips, 31 July 1959.

137. Schneider, in Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences, vol. 13, p. 366.

138. See Nason, American Evangelists, pp. 104, 108, 111, 113, 117–118, 123; and Daniels, Moody, pp. 48–49. These references do not necessarily controvert the view that the middle classes provided Moody's chief stronghold but they do indicate that Moody was not inattentive to the masses.

139. See V. L. Allen, Trade Union Leadership Based on a Study of Arthur Deakin (1957).

140. Letter, McCullough to Scheips, 31 May 1956, and, as enclosed therein, a copy of a letter from Colonel Archer Wiggins, editor-in-chief, The Salvation Army, International Headquarters, London, to McCullough, 14 July 1955.

141. Letter, McCullough to Scheips, 31 May 1956.

142. Letters from Joe Glazer, education director, United Rubber, Cork, Linoleum, and Plastic Workers of America, AFL–CIO, to Scheips, 27 January and 18 June 1959. Glazer stated that he had "no idea" where Bliss got the tune for his song.

143. Footnote to verses and choruses of "Hold the Fort" in a mimeographed book of labor songs compiled by Edith Berkowitz, probably for the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU). [This book, with cover and title page missing, was loaned to the author by his union friend and colleague Vincent H. Demma, to whom he is also indebted for the loan of several other ephemeral old labor song books used in this study.] On the 1928 Paterson, New Jersey, strike, see The New York Times, 3, 4, 10, 11, 12 October and 6 November 1928, pages 53, 19, 1, 56, 27, and 3, respectively.

144. Rebel Song Book: Eighty-Seven Socialist and Labor Songs for Voice and Piano, compiled and edited by Samuel H. Friedman, with music edited by Dorothy Bachman (1935); and Labor Songs, compiled and edited by Zilphia Horton (about 1939). The latter work also includes "The Steel Workers' Battle Hymn," dedicated to John L. Lewis, with words by W. H. Crawford, and sung to the tune of "Hold the Fort."

145. UAW–CIO Songs (cited in letter from Morgan to Scheips, 1 May 1956); Dixie Union Songs (mimeographed, no date); Everybody Sings (1942); Let's Sing! (2nd edition, no date); and Songs of the Workers (cited in note 134, above).

146. This undated album was distributed by the CIO department of education and research, Washington, D.C. The words are printed on the inside of the back cover. [Tom Glazer is not related to Joe Glazer.]

147. The full title of the album by the Almanac Singers is The Original "Talking Union" with the Almanac Singers and other Union Songs with Peter Seeger and Chorus (Folkways FH 5285, undated). Songs for Victory are in Asch Album 346 (undated). These albums are listed in Fowke and Glazer, Songs of Work and Freedom, pp. 204, 205, and in Greenway, American Folksongs of Protest, p. 317.

148. CIO Song Book (revised edition, 1954); Amalgamated Song Book (1958?);