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 INDEX. 245 Ravenna, battle of, 94. Kavaillac, murders Henry IV., 125. Raymond, Count of Toulouse, joins the First Crusade, 17; Tripoli held by, ib. Raymond, Jordan, Count of Toulouse, helped by Lewis VII. against Henry II. of England, 24. Raymond VT., Count of Toulouse, his character, 33 ; rebuked by Peter of Castelnau, ib.; crusade preached against, by Innocent III., ib. his submission, ib. : shuts himself up in Toulouse, 34 ; present at the Lateran Council, 35 ; raises his standard against Simon of Montfort, ib. Raymond VII. of Toulouse, presentat the Lateran Council, 35; succeeds 10 his father's lands, ib. juins the Vassals' League, 36 ; devastation of his lands, 37 ; hard terms imposed on, ib. ; his death, 41. Raymond Berenger, Count of Pro- vence, marriages of his daughters, Raymond, Roger, Viscount of Beziers, refuses submission to Simon f f Montfort, 33 ; taken prisoner, 34 ; his lands given to Simon, ib. Reaction in Europe, 1799, 180. " Reason, festival of," celebrated at Paris, 174. Redan, attack on the, 209. " Red Republicans," first use of the designation, 204. Regale, the, 142. "Reign of Terror," inaugurated by the Committee of Publ.c Safety, 173. Ren^ of Anjou, his Claim to the Duchy of Lorraine, 73, 76 ; taken pr.soner at BuUegneville, ib. released by Ph.hp of Burgundy, 74 ; his title of King of Jerusalem. 76 ; Lorraine restored to, ib.; his claim to JMetz, Verdun, and Toul, ib. ; helped by Charles, 77 ; takes Verdun, ib. ; his character, 80 ; his death, 87. Rene II., Duke of Lorraine, im- prisoned and released by Charles the Hold, 84; supported by Lewis XL, ib.; received in Nancy, 85; asks help of the Confederates, ib.; defeats Charles the Bold, ib.; mourns for Charles, 85 : his claims, 87 ; adviser of Anne of Beaujeu, 88. Republic, the first, 1792, 170 ; the second, 1848, 206 ; the tliird, 1872, 215. Rex FraHCorwit, use of the title, 10. Rhe, island of, taken by Duke of Buckingham, 129. Rhenish provinces held by France from 1797 to 1814, 178. Rheims, Charles the Simple crowned at, 8 ; taken by Lewis IV.. 9 ; crown- ing-place of the French kings, 10 ; Ciiarles VII. crowned at, 72. Rhine, Confederation of the, 188. Richard, Bishop of Verdun, preaches the " Peace of God," 14. Richard, Duke of the Normans, his alliance with Hugh the Great, 9; commendation of, to Hugh, ib. homage of Britanny claimed by, 11. Richard I. of England betrothed to Alice, daughter of Lewis VII., 24; rebels against his father, 25 ; received at Lewis's court, ib. ; second rebellion of, 27 ; goes on the Third Crusade, ib. ; breaks off his betrothal with Alice, ib. ; marries Berengaria of Navarre, ib.; his valour, ib. creates the envy of Philip Augustus, ib. ; accused by Phihp to Pope Celestine III., ib-; taken prisoner by Duke Leopold of Austria, 28 ; released, ib. ; his wars with Philip, ib. ; builds Chateau Gaillard, ib. ; his death, ib. Richard II. of England, 62; makes truce with Charles VI., 65 ; marries Isabel of France, ib. ; deposed, ib. Richard, King of the Romans (Earl of Cornwall), his marriage, 38. Richelieu, Armand Duplessis de, Car- dinal, his policy, 128 ; besieges Rochelle, 129 ; his government, 130; his policy, 131 ; conspiracy against, 132 ; his death, 133 ; founds the French Academy, ih. Richepause, General, cuts the Austrian army in two, 183. " Rights of man," the National Con- vention proclaims its desire to assist all nations to regain the, 171. Rivoli, battle of, 178. Robert, Count of Artols ; imperial crown offered to, by Gregory IV., 39 ; goes on the Crusade of Lewis IX., ib., 40. Robert of ArtoLs, nephew of Lewis IX., goes on the last Crusade, 44 ; commands the French in Flanders, 46. Robert of Artois, persuades Edward III. to claim the French crown. 52 ; takes refuge in England, ib. ; killed at Vannes, 54. Robert, Duke of Burgundy, makes war on his brother Henry I., 14 ; Duchy given him by Henry, ib. Robert, Dnke of the Franks, 8 ; chosen