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 the "Pest of France," ib.; his im- position of the Maltôle,ib.; his quarrel with Boniface VIII., ib. arrests the Pope's legate, ib.; holds an assembly against Boniface, 48; burns the Pope's Bull, ib.; sends William of Nogaret to oppose Boni- face at Anagni, ib ; nominates Clement V. to the Papacy, ib.; imposes conditions on him, ib; subservience of Clement to, 50; his persecution of the Templars, ib.; his seizure of their property, ib. summons of Jacques de Molay to, ib. annexes Lyons, ib.; his death, 51; his character, ib.

Philip V. (the Long) seizes the crown, 51 ; question of his succession, ib.; his wretched reign, ib.

Philip VI., his claim to the crown disputed, 52; his alliance with the Count of Flanders, ib.; his war with Edward in Flanders, 53; upholds the claim of Joan of lilois to the Breton succession, ib. his imposition of the gabelle, 54 ; treacherously kills his Breton and Norman guests, ib.; defeated at Crecy, ib.; his death, 55.

Philip II of Spain, his inheritance, 103; his war with Henry II., 104; married to Mary of England, ib.; signs Peace of Cateau Cambresis, 105; married to Elizabeth of Valois, 109; champio of the Roman Catholic Church, 114; claims the French crown for his daughter, 115; supports Charles of Bourbon, 118; continues the war with Henry, 120; his treaty at Vervens, 121; dies, ib.

Philip IV. of Spain, 139, 141.

Philip V. of Spain, dominions be- queathed to, by Charles II, 148; his succession disputed, 149–151.

Philip, Duke of Orleans, see Orleans.

Pichegru, General, 173; 176; 184.

Piedmont, taken from Charles Emanuel, 181.

Pippin. King of the Franks, 5.

Pius VI., Pope, carried prisoner to France, 181; his death, ib.

Pius VII., Pope, concordat of Buona- parte with, 185; present at Buona- parte's coronation, 186; excom- municates Buonaparte, 192; carried prisoner to France, ib.; released.

Plebiscite, meaning of the word, 182; 208; 211. Plessis les Tours, castle of Lewis XI., 85, 86.

Poissy, Conference of, 107.

Poitiers, besieged by Hugh Capet, 12 ; battle of, 57.

Poitou. revolt of, from John of Eng- land, 30; County of. given to Al- fonso, brother of Lewis IX.. 38.

Polignac. Prince of, minister of Charles X.. 201.

Poltrot, assassinates Francis of Guise, 109.

Pompadour, Madame de. her influence over Lewis XV., 155 ; her hatred of the Jesuits, 158 ; her power, 160.

Pondicherry, French colony of, 159 ; English conquest of, 163.

Pontoise, besieged and taken by Charles VII., 76.

Port Royal, monastery of, suppressed by Lewis XIV., 152.

Portugal, attacked by Buonaparte, 189;

Royal family of, take ship for Brazil, ib.; Peninsular war in, 190.

Pragmatic Sanction of Lewis IX.,

Pragmatic Sanction, of Charles VII, 75 ; repealed by Lewis XI., 80.

Pragmatic Sanction, the, 154.

Praguerie, the, its origin, 76.

Praslin, Duchess of, murdered, 204, 205.

Presidency, the, in 1848, 207.

Pressburg, Treaty of, 187.

Preuss Eylau, battle of, 189.

Prince Imperial, the son of Lewis Napoleon Buonaparte, 209; his baptism of fire, 212.

Provence, origin of the name, 3 : use of Latin in, ib., 38; rule of Charles of Anjou in, 41 ; annexed to France by Lewis XI., 87.

Provençal, a romance tongue, 6.

Ptolemais, siege of, 27. Puiset, castle of, besieged by Lewis VI., 18 ; overthrown, 19.

Pyramids, battle of the, 179.

Pyrenees, Peace of the, 139.

Q

Quadruple Alliance, the, 153.

Quatre Bras, battle of, 198.

R.

Racine, 140. Ragusa, Republic of, suppressed by Buonaparte, ?87.

Ramillies, battle of, 150.