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 228 INDEX. Edes^a, taken by the Sullan of Aleppo, Edward T. of England, goes on the last cnii^ade of Saint Lewi?, 44 : his war with Philip IV., 46 ; his alliance with Flanders, //'. Edward II. of England, married to Isabel of France, 51 ; murdered, ib. Edward III. of England, does homage for his father to Charles IV., 51 ; his claim to the French crown, 52 ; upholds Ri.bert of Artdis, ib. ; his alliance with the Emperor Lewis and with the Flemings against Philip VI., 53; takes the title of King of France, ib. ; defeats the French off Sluys, ib. ; makes a truce, ib ; supports the claim of John rf Montfort to the Breton succession, ib. ; ravages Normandy, 54 ; his victory at Crecy, ib. : takes Calais, 55 ; his war with John, 59 ; makes the Peace of Bretigny. ib. ; gives up his title of King of France, ib. calls himself Lord of Aquitaine, ib. ; his alliance with Peter of Castile. 61 ; renews the war with France, ib. ; dies, 62. Edward, the Black Prince, ravages Languedoc, 56; wms the battle of Poitiers, ib. becomes Prince of Aquitaine, 59 ; rules at Bordeaux, ib. ; Philip of Castile asks help of, 61 ; joined by the Free Lances, ib. ; takes Du Guesclin prisoner, ib. ; accepts his ransom, ib. ; levies a hearth tax. ib. ; sacks Limoges, 62 ; returns to England and dies, ib. " Egalite." a name assumed by the Duke of Orleans, 170, 171, 173; 202. Egj'pt. Napoleon in, 179, 180 Elba, Bu' nap.arte exiled to, 196; his return from, 197. Elders, council if, created, 175; abol- ished by Napoleon, 182. Eleanor of Aquitaine, marries Lewis VII., 21 ; ill-suited to him, 22; her character, ib. ; goes on the second crusade, 23 ; divorced fnm Lewis, 24; marries Henry II, of England, ib. ; stirs up her sens to rebellirn, 25 ; takes refuge at Lewis's court, ib. ; besieged in her castle at Mir.v beau, 7q. Eleanor of Austria, marries Fr.ancis L, 99- Ehiabeth of Austria, wife of Charles IX„iix Eliiabeth of York, betrothed to the Dauphin Charles, 87, Elizabeth, Queen of England, her anger at the massacre of St. Bar. tholomew, 112; regarded as head of the reformers, 114; her alliance with Henry IV., 118. Elizabeth, Empress of Russia, her war with Frederick the Great. 160, Elizabeth of France, Princess, 167 ; her death, 174 Elsass, lands of Duke Sigismund in, mortgaged to Charles the Bold, 83 ; revolt in, 84 : French annexations and suppressions in, 135, 167 ; re- stored to Germany, 214. Emmanuel Philihert, Duke of Savoy, his alliance wiih Charles V. against Francis I., loi ; his alliance with Philip XL. 104; defeats Mont- morency, ib.; his duchy restored to, 105 ; his marriage, ib. " Emperor of the French," the title originated and first borne by Napo- leon, 1S6. Encyclopaedists, 161. Enghitn. Duke of. murdered, 184. England, beginning of her rivalry with France, 16, 21 ; gives up Maine and Anjou. 76 ; loses Nor- mandy and Aquitaine, 77, 78 ; loses Calais, 104 : joins the Grand All.ance against Lewis XIV., 148; joins the Quadruple Alliance against Spain, 153; heralliance with Empress Maria Theresa, 155; her share in the Seven Years' War, 159; her c >nquest of Canada, 160; revolt of her Ameri- can colonies, 163 ; wars of with Buonaparte, 179, 184, 186. 189, ico, 194, 19s, 198 ; alliance of with France against Russia, 209 Enguerrand of Coucy, makes war en the burghers of Amiens, 20 Enguerrand IV. if Coucy, judgment passed on by the Parliament of Paris, 42. Epernon, Duke of, favourite of Henry III, 115 ; his counsel, ib. : his in- trigue with Biron, 124 ; blockades Rochelle, 128. Era, see /Era. Eu, Count of, Constable of France, 56- Eugene, Prince, rf Savoy, his enmity with Lewis XIV., 146 ; his campaign in the war of Spanish succession, 149,150. Eugenie, wife of Louis Napoleon Buonaparte, 209 ; flies to Engl.ind, Eur pe, alliance of, ag.iinst Napoleon, 193, tgS.