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 decreased 1000 in its march from Edinburgh. Leaving a small garrison at Carlisle, he sent forward his cavalry to Penrith on the 20th and next day followed himself at the head of the infantry, and arrived at Derby on the 4th December.

About three, Lord Elcho came in with the Life Guards and some of the principal officers on horseback. The main body of the army continued during the whole afternoon to pour into the town; their bagpipes playing and colours unfurled. The Prince himself arrived in the dusk of the evening, on foot, and took up his lodging in the house of the Earl of Exeter. The ordinary proclamations had been previously made in the market place, by order of his officers.

The Highland army was now somewhat nearer the capital than that of the Duke of Cumberland, divisions of which lay at Litchfield, Coventry, Stafford, and Newcastle-under-Line, to the eastward of Derby. Only a few miles intervened between the two armies, both of which had hopes of an immediate engagement. It was in Charles's power, either to push on to London, or to fight the superior army of his rival. The latter measure was that which his troops expected he would adopt, and the Highlanders were seen during the whole of the 5th, which they spent in Derby, besieging the shops of the cutlers, to get an edge put upon their broadswords, and quarrelling about precedency in that operation. But their adventure had now reached its crisis; and, after having penetrated into England farther than any Scottish army had ever done before, or than any foreign enemy since the Norman Conquest, they were at length obliged to yield to a fate which they could no longer brave. When intelligence reached London that the