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Rh fusing the qualification which was enjoined all the Clergy, for the security of the government upon that footing; should now go over to the other side, by the help of Bishop Overall's Demonstration, which had lain dormant till then; and turn an advocate for that very cause which he had so long withstood; and for that government which he had shewn himself hitherto so little a friend to, and whose very foundations had been undermined by him in his former works." Kettlewell replied to Sherlock, in The Duty of Allegiance Settled upon its True Grounds." Sherlock's aim was to shew that allegiance might be given to William and Mary, as the possessors of the throne, even though they had no legal right, or right by inheritance, a doctrine which he had denied in his previous writings.

Sherlock had been one of the most strenuous advocates of the very doctrine, which the Revolution seemed to assail. He had published his "Case of Resistance:" and it was to be supposed that it would be compared with his "Case of Allegiance." The views of the two works were diametrically opposite.