Page:History of the Indian Archipelago Vol 3.djvu/33

 GOVERNMENT. 21 fore, refer. The smallest subdivision in Bali is into twenty families, five of vrhicli constitute the second subdivision of the hundred, under an officer called in that country Klijjan-tempel From two to three of these, according to the nature of the country, constitute the third division, under an of- ficer called Par ball al. Several of these, according to the extent of the district, constitute a province under the authority of the Gusti, lord or viceroy. The imperfect relics of similar institutions are discover- able in Java, in the division called Tat07igo, or the " immediate neighbourhood," Machapat, or the four next villages, and Manchogaiigsal^ or the five next villages, and in the jurisdiction of the of- ficers called Frapat and Gugimung. These are institutions almost exactly parallel to those of the Hindus, Peruvians, and Anglo-Saxons. There is no sensible reason to believe that either borrowed from the other simple and natural contrivances, which readily occurred to barbarians in the same state of society. In all these cases the deputy of the sovereign is vested with nearly his whole authority. The au- thority of the chiefs of smaller subdivisions dimi- , nish downwards, each being amenable in his turn ( to his immediate superior j the vicegerent, in his ' turn, is amenable to the first minister, and the first minister to the sovereign. -^ p- ^1 * I have no doubt, that, wherever, in the Archipe- lago, despotic government is now established, it