Page:History of merchant shipping and ancient commerce (Volume 1).djvu/718

 Lyon, Capt., R.N., notice of trade by barter in the Soudan, p. 22

Machin, Mr., reasonable grounds for believing him the discoverer of Madeira, p. 551

Magna Charta granted by King John, 1215, p. 393

Magnesia, storm off the coast of, and heavy loss of Persian ships, p. 75

Major, Mr. R. H., edits two editions of "The Select Letters of Columbus," p. 555

Malabar, ships for, left Berenice about the 10th of July, p. 107

, ships from, left early in January, p. 108

, notice in Arrian of the class of vessels employed in the trade of, p. 130

Malmesbury, William of, speaks of the great trade of London in reign of King John, p. 393

Mariners greatly favoured by the Emperors of Constantinople, pp. 203-5

, lands granted for the support of, by the Emperors Valentinian and Valens, p. 205

Maritime commerce illustrated by the legislative measures of different nations, and traced from Phœnicia, through Greece, Rome, and the Middle Ages to the present time, Introd. pp. xvi-xviii

Marque, Letters of, first issued by Edward I., p. 404

Marseilles a port of importance about 500, p. 463

, shipping of, profit largely by the crusading rage, pp. 466-9

, passage money exacted by, from pilgrims, &c., pp. 468-9

Mediterranean peculiarly adapted, from its islands and bays, for the employment of small undecked craft, p. 3

Melvill, General, theory of the arrangement of ancient oars, pp. 266-9

Merchandise, rapid demand at Rome for the most costly, at the close of the Roman Republic, p. 172

Merchant Navy of England, state of during reign of Edward III., p. 414

Merchant vessels during the Middle Ages, armed and used as ships of war, p. 501

Merchant vessels charged by Henry IV., 1406, with the defence of the English coasts, pp. 439-40

Merchants, College of, established at Rome, 494, p. 169

Merchants, no senators permitted to be, and, as a class, looked down upon by Cicero and others, pp. 170-1

, English form commercial associations of, abroad, especially with Flanders, 1248, p. 397

, statute of, for the recovery of debts enacted by Edward I., 1283, p. 405

, English, additional privileges given to, by Edward II. and Edward III., 1326-7-77, p. 409

, laws greatly favouring, under Richard II., 1377, pp. 425-6

Merchants of Bristol, Northumberland, &c., largely dealers in slaves at the time of the Conquest, p. 366

Miletus, the parent of many colonies along the Black Sea, &c., p. 40

Moncenigo, Tomaso, famous speech of, as Doge, 1421, recapitulating the revenues of Venice, and opposing wars as unprofitable, pp. 480-2

Monsoons, periodical winds so called, first made known by voyage of Hippalus, in the time of Claudius, p. 104

Mosaic narrative of early history confirmed by antiquarian and linguistic research, and especially by the discoveries in Egypt and Nineveh, p. 123

Muhammedans, rise and rapid conquests of; their effects on commerce, pp. 218-19

found the town of Bussorah, and carry their trade to Sumatra and Canton, pp. 159-60

secure the entrepôt of Alexandria, and compel the natives of the West to seek new routes for the trade with the East, p. 160

take Jerusalem 636, Alexandria  638, and Africa  647, p. 219; but fail in all their early attempts to take Constantinople, pp. 219-21

, papal bulls to prevent trade with, generally disregarded by the Venetians, pp. 504-6