Page:History of Zoroastrianism.djvu/265



The divine double in man. The belief in a double of the living and dead, animate or inanimate things, which influences the objects or persons has prevailed among different peoples from primitive times.

The Egyptians believed in man's higher double whom they named Ka. The Ka, in the early period of history, was supposed to belong only to the kings, but later all human beings were believed to possess it. At the individual's death he went to his Ka who interceded for him with God, provided him with food and looked after his welfare and protection.

In the Vedas the disembodied spirits are called the pitrs or the Fathers. Two hymns are dedicated to them. They live in the third heaven. Their abode, which is situated in the south, is called pitrloka. They have extended to heaven and earth with Soma, and inhabit earth, air, and heaven. They feast with the gods, and ride on the celestial car with Indra and other gods. They adorn the sky with stars and give light and darkness. They are divided into lower, higher, and middle grades and are classed as earlier or later. They are invoked collectively, or individually. They are invited to come with Yama, Vivasvat, and Agni to partake of the offerings. They come in thousands to the sacrificial repast. They are fond of Soma. They are asked to give riches, offering, and long life to their sons. They are implored to help, intercede, and protect their worshippers and not to harm their descendants.