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ham urged the people to buy up the Lamanite children as rapidly as possible, and educate thera in the gospel, for though they would fade away, yet a remnant of the ^-eed of Joseph would be saved.^*^

At Cedar City — or, as it was then called, Cedar Fort — seventeen miles to the south-west of Parowan, a furnace was built in 1852, but at the close of the year stood idle for lack of hands. ^^ Here, in May 1851, coal had been discovered near what was then known as the Little Muddy, now Coal Creek. In November of that year the site was occupied ^^ by a company from Parowan. The winter was passed amid some privation, mainly from lack of warm clothing; but on the 30th of January a dry-goods pedler making his appearance — probably the first who had ventured so far south into the land of the Utahs — the settlers were soon clad in comfort.^^ In October it was re- solved to move the settlement to a point farther to the west and south, and before the end of the year a number of iron-workers and farmers arrived from Salt Lake City.**'

In 1851 a party under Simeon A. Carter, sent to explore the country north of Ogden, founded a small settlement at Box Elder Creek.'*^ The soil was of the

'^Hisl. B. Young, ^MS., 1851, 46. On the same page is mentioned the first use in the country of the stone-coal at Parowan, used in blacksmith work.

^'George A. Smith, in Frontier Guardian, Aug. 8, 1851, and in Deseret News, Dec. 11, 1S52.

^^This valley had been explored as early as 1847. In December of that year, a party of the pioneers passed through it, as already mentioned, on their way to California to purchase live-stock and provisions.

^'Building progressed rapidly, and during the following summer one Burr Frost, a blacksmitia from Parowan, started the manufacture of iron, making nails enough to shoe a hovse. Deseret News, Nov. 27, 1852.

^'John Urie, in Utah Sketches, ^IS., 93-4. See also Deseret News, July 24, 1852. The scarcity of nails hindered building. Workmen were brough"; from England to manufacture them from native ore, but the experiment failed; as the work could not be done on a sufficiently large scale to make it profit- able, and it was abandoned. Years later, when the soldiers were ordered away from Camp Floyd, the settlers bought old iron cheap, and nails were manu- factured to advantage. The price in market then was 30 or 40 cts a lb.; afterward the railroad brought them in and they were sold at 3 to 5 cents a pound.

" About 60 miles north of Salt I.ake City. A. Christensen, in Utah Sketches, M