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312 crawling up on as fast as time will let him. The paper was established in 1905 by R. M. Watson, who issued the paper on Saturdays. In 191 1 Watson was succeeded by E. N. Hurd and W. B. Scott as editors, who changed the publication day to Wednesday. The paper has undergone several changes of size. Hurd was in charge alone in 1912, and it was 1928 before Max Schafer formed the Seaside Publishing Company and started putting out the Signal as an independent Republican paper. Schafer is a University of Oregon graduate, son of Dr. Joseph Schafer, who for many years was head of the University's history department. Before going to Seaside he was a member of Herbert J. Campbell's staff on the Vancouver (Wash). Evening Columbian.

In August 1933 Mr. Hurd purchased the Ventura County (Calif.) News, a weekly paper.

Another paper, the Sentinel, a Republican Saturday weekly, ran from 1903 to 1906. C. J. Curtis was editor.

Warrenton.—John S. Dellinger, best known in connection with the Astorian, helped found Warrenton's first paper, the Port Oregon Tribune, a Friday weekly, Republican, in 1896. Dellinger & Mason were listed in Ayer's as editors and publishers. Three years later G. G. Haley became editor and publisher. The publication was suspended in 1906. The paper, four pages, six columns, sold for $2 a year.

Warrenton's next paper was the News, founded February 1, 1915, by E. H. Flagg. It was consolidated in 1926 with the Warrenton Argus, established in the previous year by G. Clifford Barlow. The consolidated paper was suspended in 1929.

Umatilla.—Umatilla county journalism started in the little hamlet of Umatilla, at the confluence of the river of that name and the Columbia. This was in April 1865, when Nelson Whitney purchased and shipped the plant of the defunct Portland Times up the river and started the Umatilla Advertiser, an independent newspaper, soon changed to Republican. (86).

In December, 1866, Avery & Dow started the Columbia Press, changing the name soon to the Umatilla Press. This gave the Democrats an organ in competition with the Republican Advertiser. Umatilla was the county seat of the county, organized in 1862, and was the political center of eastern Oregon at that time. Under Judge L. L. McArthur, founder of the Baker Democrat, the name was changed to the Index. The town was too small for the two papers, and the Advertiser and the Index merged under the name Adver-