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191 Omaha Bee for Edward Rosewater. In Denver he built up the Denver Post and Denver Times as managing editor. From Denver Mr. Jackson brought him to Portland. Before going to Denver he had been editor and part owner of the Cheyenne Leader. Here he was defeated in his active, outspoken campaign to protect the small cattleman against the big operators, but he went down fighting. It was his only defeat of any consequence in a long career. "Mr. Carroll," said Fred Lockley, "was a man of vision and ability, and it was not long before the state papers were copying Journal editorials."

Other men brought by Mr. Jackson to the Journal in its first year were Felix Mitchell, experienced printer and country newspaper man, who came from the East Oregonian as telegraph editor and proofreader, and who remained with the Journal until his death; and George Trowbridge, employed as political editor. Mr. Trowbridge succeeded to the editorship when John F. Carroll left the paper in 1906 and directed its policies, in line with C. S. Jackson's principles until his death in 1919. Perhaps his greatest contribution to the Journal was his building up of office fellowship and esprit de corps among his fellow-workers on the paper.

"In the olden days of newspaper publications," said Sam Raddon Jr. in an obituary article on Mr. Trowbridge, "a most carefully nourished point was what was called 'office courtesy.' This was Mr. Trowbridge's outstanding characteristic. If he ever gave an assignment directly, no one remembers it now. He would say, 'I think you would be interested in this,' or 'If you haven't too much on hand perhaps you would like to take up this subject,' or 'This seems to me to require the best possible attention.' The man to whom he would be speaking had, however, no vagueness as to just what he wanted when he had finished."

Mr. Trowbridge did, however, emphasize thoroughness and accuracy in all departments with an earnestness that left its impress on the paper. He left to his successor, B. F. Irvine, a Journal firmly happy and informal but self-disciplined through his example and courteous precept.

B. F. Irvine, native son of Oregon, graduate of Willamette University, had been printer, telegraph operator, reporter, small town editor, always with a keen interest in educational institutions and in public affairs. Mr. Irvine had been on the Journal since its early years, having been brought to the paper from the Corvallis Times because Mr. Jackson liked his editorials. He had, in fact, been writing editorials for the Journal and sending them in before he cut himself loose from Corvallis and went to Portland as an editorial writer. Mr. Irvine's contribution to the paper has sprung mostly from his breadth of sympathy with his fellow-men and his intensive knowledge of Oregon and deep-seated love for his native state.

One of Oregon's most productive historians, who is one of the