Page:History of New South Wales from the records, Volume 2.djvu/146

 118 THE DISBOSAIi.OF ^^ treated as exoeptions air the time^ and Phillip informed the Secretaiy of State that he should not deviato from the (Mvemnenb Additional Instructions in future. Eight months later, ■et&era. howeyer, he wrote to say that he had been compelled by the force of circumstances to again depart from the Instmc* tions. To what extent he did so is shown by an enclosure that accompanied the despatch.'**' Settlers were to be sup- ported with provisions and clothing from the public store for eighteen months instead of twelve^ and to receive the necessary implements of husbandry and live stock and seed« Huts were to be built for them, a portion of the land cleared; and in one case four convicts — supported from the public store — were allowed for eighteen months. The propriety of making this departure from the Instruction? ^vernment ^^'^^ ^^* questioned by the authorities in London, who had aoquiercet. satisfied themselvcs, according to Dundas's despatch of the 10th January^ 1792, that an allowance of one year's provi- sions was insufficient.t In regard to land grants to settlers from the convict class, EmandDist a great distinction was drawn between the emancipist and MiaSdf* the expiree. In the case of the former the Grovernor waa all6wed.no discretion. If he emancipated a convict he was bound by his General Instructions to give him a grant of land, tools, seeds, &c.,and to provision him for twelve months from, the pubUc store. In the case of the convict whose term of servitude had expired a grant of land could be made, and even tools and provisions: allowed for " a limited time " ; but the concession was an act of grace, dependent on the good behaviour of the convict, or on the likelihood of his returning to England unless sufficient inducement ' was held out to detain him in the colony. • Historical Becordd, toI. i, part 2, pp. 589, 540.' t The opinion of the seUlfiment on the queation is thus stated by CoUina (vol. i, p. 129) .—"The period fixed by Government for victualling a settler from the public stores — twelve months — ^waa, in general, looked upon as too shorty and it was tliougbt not piaoticablo for anyone at the end of that period to maintain himself, unless during that time he should have very great assistance given him, and be fortimate in his crops."