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 TRENDELENB URG. 60 1 philosophy of the past, especially to that of Aristotle. Motion and purpose arc for him fundamental facts, which are common to both being and thinking, which mediate be- tween the two, and make the agreement of knowledge and reality possible. The ethical is a higher stage of the organic. Space, time, and the categories are forms of thought as well as of being; the logical form must not be separated from the content, nor the concept from intuition. We must not fail to mention that Trendelenburg introduced a peculiar and fruitful method of treating the history of philosophy, viz., the historical investigation of particular concepts, in which Teichmuller of Dorpat (1832-88 ; Studies in the His- tory of Concepts, 1 874 ; New Studies in the History of Con- cepts, 1876-79; The Immortality of the Soul, 2d ed., 1879; The Nature of Love, 1880 ; Literary Quarrels in the Fourth Century before Christ, 1881 and 1884), and Eucken of Jena (cf. pp. 17 and 623) have followed his example. Kym in Zurich (born 1822; Metaphysical Investigations, 1875; The Problem of Evil, 1878) is a pupil of Trendelenburg. Of more recent systematic attempts the following appear worthy of mention: Von Kirchmann (1802-84; from 1868 editor of the Philosophische Bibliothek), The Philosophy of Knmvlcdgc, 1865; Esthetics, 1868; On the Principles of Realism, 1875 ; Catechism of Philosophy, 2d ed., 1881 ; E. Duhring (born ?>},i), Natural Dialectic, 1865; The Value of Life, 1865,3d ed, 1881 ; Critical History of the Principles of Mechanics, 1873, 2d ^^m ^'^77 Course of Philosophy, 1875 (cf. on Duhring, Helene Druskowitz, 1889); J. Baumann of Gottingen (born 1837), Philosophy as Orientation concern- ing the World, 1872 ; Handbook of Ethics, 1879; Elements of Philosophy, 1891 ; L. Noire, The Monistic Idea, 1875, and many other works; Frohschammer of Munich (born 1821), The Phantasy as the Fundamental Principle of the World- process, 1877 ; On the Getiesis of Humanity, and its Spiritual Development in Religion, Morality and Language, 1883 ; On the Organization and Culture of Human Society, 1885. In the first rank of the thinkers who have made their appearance since Hegel and Herbart stand Fechner and Lotze, both masters in the use of exact methods, yet at the same time with their whole souls devoted to the highest