Page:History of Modern Philosophy (Falckenberg).djvu/476

 454 SCHELLING • I. Un'veksai. Natur B. 11. Inorganic Nature. in. Organic Nature. (Ukcanizin«; 3. Copula 3- Organization. or Life. ' Chemical Process (3d Dimen- Sensibility. Man. ' ' * 1 a. Light (Soul). 3. Dynamical sion.) i . Process. (De- Electric- c terminate mat- ■ ity (ad Di- • > — Irritability. Male /. At- T ter.) mension.) C( Animal. (= Light). traction. 1. Gravity ■ (Body). I. Indetermi- nate matter. Magnet- ism (ist

«. Re- Dimen- Reproduc- FemaU pulsion. . sion.) . tion. Plant. (= Gravity), lb. Transcendental Philosophy. The philosophy of nature explained the products of nature teleologically, deduced them from the concept or the mission of nature, by ignoring the mechanical origin of physical phenomena and inquiring into the significance of each stage in nature in view of this ideal meaning of the whole. It asks what is the outcome of the chemical proc- ess for the whole of nature, what is given by electricity, by magnetism, etc. — what part of the general aim of nature is attained, is realized through this or that group of phe- nomena. The philosophy of spirit given in the System of Transcendental Idealism, 1800, finds itself confronted by corresponding questions concerning the phenomena of intelligence, of morals, and of art. Here again Schelling does not trace out the mechanics of the soul-life, but is interested only in the meaning, in the teleological signifi- cance of the psychical functions. His aim is a constructive psychology in the Fichtean sense, a history of conscious- ness, and the execution of his design as well closely fol- lows the example of the WissenschaftsleJire. Since truth is the agreement of thought and its object, every cognition necessarily implies the coming together of a subjective and an objective factor. The problem of this coming together may be treated in two ways. With the philosophy of nature we may start from the object and observe how intelligence is added to nature. The tran - s cendental philosophy takes the oppositecourse, it takes it s 1 position with the subject, and asks. How is there added to 1 int elligence an object cor responding to it ? The transcen- dental philosopher has need of intellectual intuition in order to recognize the original object-positing actions of the ego,