Page:History of Manchester (1771), Volume 1, by John Whitaker.djvu/120

 Chap. IV. OF MANCHESTER. <>* ter. "External teftimon^r therefore, the only teftimony that we can hav* in the prcfent cafe, favours the one name as much as* it cotmtenanccs the other/ Both muft have been equally the names of the ftation : and we ihall foon meet with other in- fiances of ftations that bear a duplicate of names. Camulodununj h merely die general name of a camp, Camulus being one of the Britifh names for Mars, and Dunum fignifying a town f And Cambo*dunum fignifies more fpecifically the fortrefs upon the ffream. The one name is defcfiptive of its particular poli- tical : And tiw other is declarative of its military application. The pais over" the mountains which goes along the fite of Cambodunum is much left interfered' with hills vallies and ri T vers, than atiy other whieh cduld be found for very many milep upQft either fide of ir ". This : therefore, in the time of the Britons, muft have been the cuftoraary pafl'age from the fouth of Lancashire into the tbuth of Yorkihire. And this pafs the Brigfiuites of the latter and the Siftuntii of the former woui<J b3th of theip, for their own fecijrity, endeavour to guanl t by ther. ere&ion of fortrefles upon it Nor Was this the only pafe thai feems to have been guarded by fortrefles. Bremetonac ip the north,, a fortrefs about Cdlne in the center, and a fecond per** haps about Littleborough or Windy-Bank, and another at Caftle- fhaw in the fouth, feem tb haye formed a regular chain of forte Ibr.that purpose upon the Sj ftuntian fide of this natural barrier.
 * A**d thefe .feem to have been regplarly anfwered by another

chain of fortrefles upon the Brigantian, Camulodune being op- pofed to Caftlefhaw and Olicana anfwering to Colne. That - Caftlefhaw in particular was once a fortrefs of the primeval Britons, is pretty plainly evinced by the few remains which have been accidentally difcovered at it. Within the area of tbc caftle, extended as it evidently appears to have been from the prefect eminence of the ground and the appellation of the Hufteads and Caftle- hills, and containing feveral ftatute-acres in its compafij, fx have been dug up thofe round beads of the Britons that have beep equally difcovered in the Britifti barrows upon Salifbury Plaiij x. They were of earth or pafte perforated, ribbed or fluted on .the N z outfide, K