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 FOREIGN INVADERS 191 a horde of pastoral nomads, like the modern Turko- mans, occupying territory to the west of the Wu-sun horde, apparently situated between the Chu and Jax- artes Rivers, to the north of the Alexander Mountains. About 160 B. c., they were expelled from their pasture grounds by another similar horde, the Yueh-chi, and compelled to migrate southwards. They ultimately reached India, but the road by which they travelled is not known with certainty. Princes of Saka race established themselves at Tax- ila in the Pan jab and Mathura on the Jumna, where they displaced the native rajas, and ruled principali- ties for several generations, assuming the ancient Per- sian title of satrap. Probably they recognized Mith- radates I (174 - 136 B. c.) and his successors, the early kings of the Parthian, or Arsakidan, dynasty of Persia, as their overlords. Another branch of the horde advanced farther to the south, presumably across Sind, which was then a well-watered country, and carved out for themselves a dominion in the peninsula of Surashtra, or Kathiawar, and some of the neighbouring districts on the mainland. The Pahlavas seem to have been Persians, in the sense of being Parthians of Persia, as distinguished from the Parsikas, or Persians proper. The name is believed to be a corruption of Parthiva, " Parthian/' and is almost certainly identical with Pallava, the designation of a famous southern dynasty, which is frequently mentioned in inscriptions during the early centuries of the Christian era, and had its capital at