Page:History of Greece Vol XII.djvu/511

 PRINCES OF BOSPOKUS. 479 the surname of Pontarches, on numerous islands and capes in the Euxine) was among the chief divine or heroic persons to whom thej addressed their prayers.* Amidst Grecian life, thus degraded and verging towards its extinction, and stripped even of the purity of living speech — the thread of imaginative and traditional sentiment thus continues without suspension or abate- ment. Respecting Bosporus or Pantikapaeum (for both names denote the same city, though the former name often comprehends the whole annexed dominion), founded by Milesian settlers^ on the European side of the Kimmerian Bosporus (near Kertsch), we first hear, alx»ut the period when Xerxes was repulsed from Greece (480-479 b. c). It was the centre of a dominion in- cluding Phanagoria, Kepi, Hermonassa, and other Greek cities on the Asiatic side of the strait ; and is said to have been gov- erned by what seems to have been an oligarchy — called tlm Archosanaktida?, for forty-two years* (480-438 b. c). After them we have a series of princes standing out individu- ally by name, and succeeding each other in the same family. Spartokus I. was succeeded by Seleukus ; next comes Spartokus II. ; then Satyrus I. (407-393 b. c.) ; Leukon (393-353 b. c.) ; Spartokus III. (353-348 b. c.) ; Parisades I. (348-310 b. c.) ; Satyrus II., Prytanis, Eumelus (310-304 B. c.) ; Spartokus IV. (304r-284 B. c.) ; Parisades II.* During the reigns of these princes, a connection of some intimacy subsisted between Athens and Bosporus ; a connection not poUtical, since the Bosporanic princes had httle interest in the contentions about Hellenic hege- mony — but of private intercourse, commercial interchange, and reciprocal good offices. The eastern corner of the Tauric Cher- tiie costume of the place, suited for riding — the long leather trowsers, and short black cloak; constantly on horseback for defence of the town, and celebrated as a warrior even at that earl}' age, having already killed or made prisoners several Sarmatians (p. 77). ' See Inscriptions, Nos. 2076, 2077, ap. Boeckh ; and Arrian's Periplus of the Euxine, ap. Geogr. Minor, p. 21, cd. Hudson. = Strabo, vii. p. 310. ' Diodor. xii. 31. App c. 13. p. 280. etc ; and Boeckli's Commentary on the same sabjeet^ Inscript. Graer. part x4. p. 91 seq.
 * See Mv. Clinton's Appendix on the Kings of Bosporus — Fast. Ilellen,