Page:History of Greece Vol X.djvu/16

 x CONTEN7S. CHAPTER LXXVIII. BATTLE OF LEUKTBA AND ITS CONSEQUENCES. Measures for executing the stipulations made at the congress of Sparta. - Violent impulse of the Spartans against Thebes. King Kleombrotus is ordered to march into Bceotia, and encamps at Leuktra. New order of battle adopted by Epaminondas. Confidence of the Spartans and of Kleombrotus. Battle of Leuktra. Defeat of the Spartans and death of Kleombrotus. Paint adherence of the Spartan allies. Spartan camp after the defeat confession of defeat by sending to solicit the burial- truce. Great surprise, and immense alteration of feeling, produced throughout Greece by the Theban victory. Effect of the news at Sparta heroic self-command. Reinforcements sent from Sparta. Proceed- ings in Boaotia after the battle of Leuktra. The Theban victory not well received at Athens. Jason of Pheraj arrives at Leuktra the Spartan army retires from Boeotia under capitulation. Treatment of the de- feated citizens on reaching Sparta suspension of the law. Lowered estimation of Sparta in Greece prestige of military superiority lost. Extension of the power of Thebes. Treatment of Orchomenus and Thes pise. Power and ambition of Jason. Plans of Jason Pythian festi- val. Assassination of Jason atPheraj. Relief to Thebes by the death of Jason satisfaction in Greece. Proceedings in Peloponnesus after the defeat of Leuktra. Expulsion of the Spartan harmosts and dekarchies. Skytalism at Argos violent intestine feud. Discouragement and helplessness of Sparta. Athens places herself at the head of a new Pe- loponnesian land-confederacy. Accusation preferred in the Amphyctio- nic assembly, by Thebes against Sparta. The Spartans are condemned to a fine importance of this fact as an indication. Proceedings in Ar- cadia. Reestablishment of the city of Mantinea by its own citizens. Humiliating refusal experienced by Agesilaus from the Mantincans keenly painful to a Spartan. Feeling against Agesilaus at Sparta. Impulse among the Arcadians towards Pan-Arcadian union. Opposition from Orchomenus and Tegea. Revolution at Tegea the philo-Spar^ tan party are put down or expelled. Tegea becomes anti-Spartan, and favorable to the Pan-Arcadian union. Pan- Arcadian union is formed. March of Agesilaus against Mantinea. Evidence of lowered sentiment in Sparta. Application by the Arcadians to Athens for aid against Spar- ta; it is refused : they then apply to the Thebans. Proceedings and views of Epaminondas since the battle of Leuktra. Plans of Epaminon- das for restoring the Messenians in Peloponnesus. Also, for consoli- dating the Arcadians against Sparta. Epaminondas and the Theban army arrive in Arcadia. Great allied force assembled there. The allies entreat him to invade Laconia. Reluctance of Epaminondas to invade Laconia reasonable grounds for it. He marches into Laconia four lines of invasion. He crosses the Eurotas and approaches close to Sparta. Alarm at Sparta arrival of various allies to her aid by sea. Discontent in Laconia among the Periocki and Helots danger to Sparta from that cause. Vigilant defence of Sparta by Agesilaus. Violent emotion of the Spartans, especially the women. Partial attack upon Sparta by Epaminondas. He retires without attempting to storm Sparta; ravages Laconia down to Gythium. He returns into Arcadia.- Great effect of this invasion upon Grecian opinion Epaminondas is exalted, and Sparta farther lowered. Foundation of the Arcadian Mega- lopolis. Foundation of Messene. Abstraction of Western Laconia from Sparta. Perircki and Helots established as freemen along with the Messuiiisins on the Lacedamioniun border. The details of this reorganiz-