Page:History of Greece Vol X.djvu/12

 i CONTENTS. Agesilaus, opposed by his colleague Agesipolis. Oppressive behavior of the Spartans towards Mantinea. They require the walls of the city to be demolished. Agesipolis blockades the city, and forces it to sur- render, by damming up the river Ophis. The Mantineans are forced tc break up their city into villages. Democratical leaders of Mantinea owed their lives to the mediation of the exiled king Pausanias. Man- tinea is pulled down and distributed into five villages. High-handed despotism of Sparta towards Mantinea signal partiality of Xenophon. Return of the philo-Laconian exiles in the various cities, as partisans for the purposes of Sparta case of Phlius. Competition of Athens with Sparta for ascendency at sea. Athens gains ground, and gets together some rudiments of a maritime confederacy. Ideas entertained by some of the Spartan leaders, of acting against the Persians for the rescue of the Asiatic Greeks. Panegyrical Discourse of Isokrates. State of Macedonia and Chalkidike growth of Macedonian power during the last years of the Peloponnesian war. Perdikkas and Archelaus ener- gy and ability of the latter. Contrast of Macedonia and Athens. Suc- ceeding Macedonian kings Orestes, JEropus, Pausanias, Amyntas. Assassination frequent. Amyntas is expelled from Macedonia by the Illyrians. Chalkidians of Olynthus they take into their protection the Macedonian cities on the coast, when Amyntas runs away before the Il- lyrians. Commencement of the Olynthian confederacy. Equal and liberal principles on which the confederacy was framed from the begin- ning. Accepted willingly by the Macedonian and Greco-Macedonian cities.' The Olynthians extend their confederacy among the Grecian cities in Chalkidic Thrace their liberal procedure several cities join. Akanthus and Apollonia resist the proposition. Olynthus menaces. They then solicit Spartan intervention against her. "Speech of Klei- genes the Akanthian envoy at Sparta. Envoys from Amyntas at Sparta. The Spartan Eudamidas is sent against Olynthus at once, with such force as could be got ready. He checks the career of the Olynthians. Phcebidas, brother of Eud'amidas, remains behind to collect fresh force, and march to join his brother in Thrace. He passes through the Theban territory and near Thebes. Conspiracy of Leontiades and the philo- Laconian party in Thebes, to betray the town and citadel to Phcebidas. The opposing leaders Leontiades and Ismenias were both Pole- marchs. Leontiades overawes the Senate, and arrests Ismenias: Pelo- pidas and the leading friends of Ismenias go into exile. Phcebidas in the Kadmeia terror and submission at Thebes. Mixed feelings at Sparta great importance of the acquisition to Spartan interests. Displeasure at Sparta more pretended than real, against Phcebidas ; Age- silaus defends him. Leontiades at Sparta his humble protestations and assurances the ephors decide that they will retain the Kadmeia, but at the same time fine Phcebidas. The Lacedaemonians cause Isme- nias to be tried and put to death. Iniquity of this proceeding. Vigo- rous action of the Spartans against Olynthus Teleutias is sent there with a large force, including a considerable Theban contingent. Derdas cooperates with him. Teleutias being at first successful, and having become over-confident, sustains a terrible defeat from the Olynthians under the walls of their city. Agesipolis is sent to Olynthns from Spar- ta with a reinforcement. He dies of a fever. Polybiades succeeds Age- tiipolis as commander he reduces Olynthus to submission extinction of the Olynthian federation. Olynthus and the other cities are enrolled as allies of Sparta. Intervention of Sparta with the government ol Phlius. Agesilaus marches an army against Phlius reduces tho own by blockade, after a long resistance. The Lacedaemonians occupj the acropolis, naming a council of one hundred as governors 1-72