Page:History of Greece Vol VIII.djvu/102

 gO HISTORY OF GREECE. the diobely, or distribution of two oboli to each citizen on occa- sion of various religious festivals. Such distribution continued without interruption ; though perhaps the number of occasions on which it was made may have been lessened. How far or under what restriction, any reestablishment of civil pay obtained footing during the seven years between the Four Hundred and the Thirty, we cannot say. But leaving this point undecided, we can show, that within a year after the deposition of the Four Hundred, the suffrage of the so-called Five Thousand expanded into the suffrage of all Athenians without exception, or into the full antecedent democracy. A memorable decree, passed about eleven months after that event, at the commencement of the archonship of Glaukippus (June 410 B.C.), when the senate of Five Hundred, the dikasts, and other civil functiona- ries, were renewed for the coming year, pursuant to the ancient democratical practice, exhibits to us the full democracy not merely in action, but in all the glow of feeling called forth by a recent restoration. It seems to have been thought that this first renewal of archons and other functionaries, under the revived democracy, ought to be stamped by some emphatic proclamation of sentiment, analogous to the solemn and heart-siirring oath taken in the preceding year at Samos. Accordingly, Demophan- tus proposed and carried a (psephism or) decree, 1 prescribing the form of an oath to be taken by all Athenians to stand by the democratical constitution. The terms of his psephism and oath are striking. " If any man subvert the democracy at Athens, or hold any magistracy after the democracy has been subverted, he shall be an enemy of the Athenians. Let him be put to death with impunity, and let his property be confiscated to the public, with the reservation of a tithe to Athene. Let the man who has killed him, and the ac- complice privy to the act, be accounted holy and of good religious 1 About the date of this psephism, or decree, see Bocckh, Staatshaushal- tung der Athener, vol. ii, p. 168, in the comment upon sundry inscriptions appended to his work, not included in the English translation by Mr Lewis ; also Meier, De Bonis Damnatorum, sect, ii, pp. 6-10. "Wachsmnth erroneously places the date of it after the Thirty ; set Ilcllcn. Alt'.'rth. <i x, p. 267