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353 AGIS AT DEKELEIA. CHAPTER LXI. FROM THE DESTRUCTION OF THE ATHENIAN ARMAMENT IN SICILY, DOWN TO THE OLIGARCHICAL CONSPIRACY OF THE FOUR HUNDRED AT ATHENS. IN the preceding chapter we followed to its melancholy close the united armament of Nikias and Demosthenes, first in the harbor and lastly in the neighborhood of Syracuse, towards the end of September, 413 B.C. The first impression which we derive from the perusal of that narrative is, sympathy for the parties directly concerned, chiefly for the number of gallant Athenians who thus miserably perished, partly also for the Syracusan victors, themselves a few months before on the verge of apparent ruin. But the distant and collateral effects of the catastrophe throughout Greece, were yet more momentous than those within the island in which it occurred. I have already mentioned that even at the moment when Demosthenes with his powerful armament left Peiraus to go to Sicily, the hostilities of the Peloponnesian confederacy against Athens herself had been already recommenced. Not only was the Spartan king Agis ravaging Attica, but the far more important step of fortifying Dekeleia, for the abode of a permanent garri- son, was in course of completion. That fortress, having been begun about the middle of March, was probably by the month of June in a situation to shelter its garrison, which consisted of con- tingents periodically furnished, and relieving each other alter- nately, from all the different states of the confederacy, under the permanent command of king Agis himself. And now began that incessant marauding of domiciliated ene- mies deaned to last for nine years until the final capture of Athens partially contemplated even at the beginning of the Peloponnesian war, and recently enforced, with full comprehen- sion of its disastrous effects, by the virulent antipathy of the exile Alkibiades. 1 The earlier invasions of Attica had been all 1 Thueyd. i. 122-142; vi 90. VOL. vn. 23oo