Page:History of Greece Vol III.djvu/366

 550 HISTOKY OF GREECE. ous, were yet of Iberian origin 1 and emigran/s of earlier date than the Sikels, by whom they had been invaded and restricted to the smaller western half of the island, and who were said to have crossed over originally from the south-western corner of the Calabrian peninsula, where a portion of the nation still dwelt in the time of Thucydides. The territory known to Greek writers of the fifth century u. c. by the names of CEnotria on the coast of the Mediterranean, and Italia on that of the gulfs of Taren- tum and Squillace, included all that lies south of a line drawn across the breadth of the country, from the gulf of Poseidonia (Paestum) and the river Silarus on the Mediterranean sea, to the north-west corner of the gulf of Tarentum ; it was also bounded northwards by the lapygians and Messapians, who oc- cupied the Salentine peninsula, and the country immediately ad- joining to Tarentum, and by the Peuketians on the Ionic gulf. According to the logographers Pherekydes and Hellanikus, 2 CEnotrus and Peuketius were sons of Lykaon, grandsons of Pe- lasgus, and emigrants in very early times from Arcadia to this territory. An important statement in Stephanus Byzantinus 3 ac- quaints us that the serf-population, whom the great Hellenic cities in this portion of Italy employed in the cultivation of their lands, were called Pelasgi, seemingly even in the historical times : it is upon this name, probably, that the mythical genealogy of Phere- kydes is constructed. This (Enotrian or Pelasgian race were the population whom the Greek colonists found there on their ar- rival. They were known apparently under otner names, such as the Sikels, mentioned even in the Odyssey, though their exact locality in that poem cannot be ascertained the Italian?, or Itali, properly so called, the Morgetes, and the Charnes, 1 Thucyd. vi, 2 ; Philistus, Fragm. 3, cd. Goller, ap. Diodor. v, 6. Timacus adopted the opposite opinion (Diodor. I. c.), also Ephorus, if we may judge by an indistinct passage of Strabo) vi, p. 270). Dionysius of Halikarnassus follows Thucydides (A. B. i, 22). The opinion of Philistus is of much value on this point, since he was, or might have been, personally cognizant of Iberian mercenaries in the scmee of the elder Dionysius. 1 Phcrekyd. Fragm. 8. r >, ed. Didot; Hellanik. Fr. 53, cd. Didot : Dionya Halik. A. B, i, 11. 13, 22; Skymnus Chius, v, 362; Pausan. viii, 3, 5.
 * Stephan. Byz. v, XI u.