Page:History of Greece Vol III.djvu/231

 PHRYGIANS, LYDIANS, MYSIAXS. 215 principal surname of Dindymene. 1 The analogy between the Kretan and Phrygian religious practices has been often noticed, and confusion occurs not unfrequently between Mount Ida in Kretc and the mountain of the same name in the Troad ; while the Teukrians of Gergis in the Troad, who were not yet Ilel lenized even at the time of the Persian invasion, and who were ailirmed by the elegiac poet Kallinus to have emigrated from Krete, if they were not really Phrygians, differed so little from them as to be called such by the poets. The Phrygians are celebrated by Herodotus for the abundance both of their flocks and their agricultural produce : 2 the excellent wool for which Miletus was always renowned came in part from the upper valley of the river Meander, which they inhabited. He contrasts them in this respect with the Lydiaus, among whom the attributes and capacities of persons dwelling in cities are chiefly brought to our view : much gold and silver, retail trade, indigenous games, unchastity of young women, yet combined with thrift and industiy. 3 Phrygian cheese and salt-provisions, Lydian unguents, 4 carpets and colored shoes, acquired notoriety. Both Phrygians and Lydians are noticed by Greek authors sub- sequent to the establishment of the Persian empire as a people timid, submissive, industrious, and useful as slaves, an attribute not ascribed to the Mysians, 5 who arc usually described as bravo and hardy mountaineers, difficult to hold in subjection : nor even true respecting the Lydians, during the earlier times anterior to the complete overthrow of Croesus by Cyrus ; for they were then esteemed for their warlike prowess. Nor was the different char* 1 Straho, xii, pp. 564-575 ; Herodot. iv, 76. 2 Herodot. v, 49. 7ro7.v~poj3aTUTaTOi Kal 7ro/uVKap-6~aToi. 3 Herodot. i, 93-94. 4 Tapi^of Qpvyiav (Eupolis, Marik. Fr. 23, p. 506, Meincke), rvpOj, Athenae. xii, 516, 4<7uJef, Alexis ap. Athense. iii, 75: some Phrygians, however, had never seen a fig-tree (Cicero pro Flacco, c. 17). Carpets of Sardis (Athena?, v, 197); Qoiviitidef Zapdiavmal (Plato, Com- icus ap. Athenae. ii, 48); 'Aet Qdopvpov iruv rb 'Zupdeuv yevoc (Alexis ap. Athena?, xv, p. 691, and again ib. p. 690); II6<5af <Je HoiKifof pdadhTif tKu%v7TT Avdtov na/.bv tpyov (Sappho, Fragm. 54, ed. Schneidewin; Schol. Aristoph. Pac. 1174). 6 Xenophon, Anabas. i, 6, 7; iii, 2, 23; Meroorab. iii, 5, 2b. uKovrtcrat Kvaol ; JEschyl. Pers. 40. &i3po6iairoi ii6oi.