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 174 HISTORY OF GREECE. singles out the Milesians, as claiming for themselves the ti uest Ionic blood, and as having started from the prytaneium, at Athens ; thus plainly implying his belief that the majority, at least, of the remaining settlers did not take their departure from the same hearth. 1 But the most striking information which Herodotus conveys to us is, the difference of language, or dialect, which marked these twelve cities. Miletus, Myus, and Priene, all situated on the soil of the Karians, had one dialect : Ephesus, Kolophon, Lebe- dus, Teos, Klazomenne, and Phoktca, had a dialect common to all, but distinct from that of the three preceding : Chios and Erythrae exhibited a third dialect, and Samos, by itself, a fourth. Nor does the historian content himself with simply noting such quadruple variety of speech; he employs very strong terms to express the degree of dissimilarity. 2 The testimony of Herodo- tus as to these dialects is, of course, indisputable. Instead of one great Ionic emigration, then, the statements 1 Herod, i, 146. l^el, wf ye Irt /ZUA?.OV OVTOI (i. e. the inhabitants of tho Pan-Ionic Dodekapolis) "Iwvrf evert ruv aXhuv 'Iwi>wt>, ?/ K.u.'k'kibv TI ytybvaai, ofJkri Tieyeiv TUV "A/3avref ef Ei/?on7f elalv OVK i^.a^ia-r} /j.olpa, Tolcri (lira ovfie TOV 6f6/zarof ovdev tilivvai <5e ''Op^ofj.Eviot uvapeui^aTai, nal KaSfieioi, Kai ApioTref, KaiTes y Kal vopi&VTef yevvaioraToi elvai 'Iwvuv, OVTOI <5e ov ywat/caf iiyayov elf uiroiKiiji', uA/ 1 ^ Kaeipaf ea%ov, riJv tyovevaav roi)r joveaf. . . .TaCra 6e fyv -yivofieva ev Mt- TiqTu. The polemical tone in which this remark of Herodotus is delivered is ex plained by Dahlmann on the supposition that it was destined to confute certain boastful pretensions of the Milesian Hekataeus (see Bahr, ad loc., and Klausen ad Hekataji Frag. 225). The test of Tonism, according to the statement of Herodotus, is, that a city should derive its origin from Athens, and that it should celebrate the solem nity of the Apaturia (i. 147). But we must construe both these tests with indulgence. Ephesus and Kolophon were Ionic, though neither of them celebrated the Apaturia. And the colony might be formed under the auspices of Athens, though the settlers were neither natives, nor even of kindred race with the natives, of Attica. avrai at irofaif Tyai npoTepov fax^e'tar/ai bfio7.oyiovai KaTii y'kucaav ovKv
 * Herod, i, 142. Ephesus, Kolophon, Lebcdus, Teos, Klazomenae, Fhckaea