Page:History of Greece Vol II.djvu/327

 DOKIAXS AT SPARTA AXD IN MESSEXE. 3H constituting the Amphiktyony of Argos, 1 ) at Styra and Karys- tus in the island of Euboea, in the island of Kythnus, and even at Cyprus. These dispersed colonies can only have been plant- ed by expeditions over the sea. Now we are told that the origi- nal Dryopis, the native country of this people, comprehended both the territory near the river Spercheius, and north of CEta, afterwards occupied by the Malians, as well as the neighboring district south of CEta, which was afterwards called Doris. From hence the Dryopians were expelled, according to one story, by the Dorians, according to another, by Herakles and the Malians : however this may be, it was from the Maliac gulf that they started on shipboard in quest of new homes, which some of them found on the headlands of the Argolic peninsula. 2 And it was from this very country, according to Herodolus, 3 that the Dorians also set forth, in order to reach Peloponnesus. Nor does it seem unreasonable to imagine, that the same means of conveyance, which bore the Dryopians from the Maliac gulf to Hermione and Asine, also carried the Dorians from the same place to the Temenion, and the hill Solygeius. The legend represents Sikyon, Epidaurus, Trcczen, Phlius, and Kleonae, as all occupied by Dorian colonists from Argos, under the different sons of Temenus : the first three are on the sea, and fit places for the occupation of maritime invaders. Ar- gos and the Dorian towns in and near the Argolic peninsula are to be regarded as a cluster of settlements by themselves, com- pletely distinct from Sparta and the Messenian Stenyklerus, which appear to have been formed under totally different condi- tions. First, both of them are very far inland, Stenyklerus not easy, Sparta very difficult of access from the sea ; next, we know that the conquests of Sparta were gradually made down the valley of the Eurotas seaward. Both these acquisitions pre- sent the appearance of having been made from the land-side, and 1 Herod, viii. 43-46; Diodor. iv. 37 ; Pausan. iv. 34, C. s Strabo, viii. p. 373 ; ix. p. 434. Hcrodot. viii. 43. Phcrekydes, Fr. 23 find 38, ed. Didot. Stcph. Byz. v. Apvoirr}. Apoll'xlor. ii. 7, 7. Schol. Apollon. Rhod. i. 1213. 3 Herodot. i. 5G. tvdevrev <5t- avrif if rt/v A/n>07n<5a ue-ecty, Kal IK r^f &pvoTfi6of oflrwf ec Htf.oirwvijaov l/.&bi; AtifUtdv. i&tpdf, to the samt purpose, viii. 31-43.