Page:History of Greece Vol II.djvu/251

 GREEKS IN ASIA MINOR. were at that time Hellenized. The Catalogue of the Iliad includes, under Agamemnon, contingents from JEgina, Euboea, Krete, Karpathus, Kasus, Kos, and Rhodes : in the oldest epical tes- timony which we possess, these islands thus appear inhabited by Greeks ; but the others do not occur in the Catalogue, and are never mentioned in such manner as to enable us to draw any inference. Euboea ought, perhaps, rather to be looked upon aa a portion of Grecian mainland (from which it was only separated by a strait narrow enough to be bridged over) than as an island. But the last five islands named in the Catalogue are all either wholly or partially Doric : no Ionic or .^Eolic island appears in it : these latter, though it was among them that the poet sung, appear to be represented by their ancestral heroes, who came from Greece proper. The last element to be included, as going to make up the Greece of 776 B. c., is the long string of Doric, Ionic, and .ZEolie settlements on the coast of Asia Minor, occupying a space bounded on the north by the Troad and the region of Ida, and extending southward as far as the peninsula of Knidus. Twelve continental cities, over and above the islands of Lesbos and Tenedos, are reckoned by Herodotus as ancient JEolic foun- dations. Smyrna, Kyme, Larissa, Neon-Teichos, Temnos, Killa, Notium, jEgirocssa, Pitana, JEgx, Myrina, and Gryneia. Smyrna, having been at first JEolic, was afterwards acquired through a stratagem by Ionic inhabitants, and remained per- manently Ionic. Phoksea, the northernmost of the Ionic settle- ments, bordered upon JEolis : Klazomena?, Erythra, Teos, Lebedos, Kolophon, Priene, Myus, and Miletus, continued the Ionic name to the southward. These, together with Samos and Chios, formed the Panionic federation. 1 To the south of Mile- tus, after a considerable interval, lay the Doric establishments of Myndus, Halikarnassus, and Knidus: the two latter, together with the island of Kos and the three townships in Rhodes, constituted the Doric Hexapolis, or communion of six cities, concerted primarily with a view to religious purposes, but pro- ducing a secondary effect analogous to political federation. Such, then, is the extent of Hellas, as it stood at the com- 1 Hcrodot. i. 143-150.