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 A HISTORY OF THE INQUISITION 559

Echard's book on Saint Thomas, or of the volume in which Lecoy de la Marche has collected all, and more than all, that deserves to Jive of his writings. The" Historia Ponti- ficalis," attributed to John of Salisbury, in the twentieth volume of the Monu1nenta, should affect the account of Arnold of Brescia. The analogy with the \Valdenses, amongst whom his party seems to have merged, might be more strongly marked. "Hominum sectam fecit que adhuc dicitur heresis Lumbardorum. . . . Episcopis non parcebat ob avariciam et turpem questum, et plerumque propter maculam vite, et quia ecclesiam Dei in sanguinibus edificare nituntur." He was excommunicated and declared a heretic. He was reconciled and forgiven. Therefore, when he resumed his agitation his portion \vas with the obstinate and relapsed. "Ei populus Romanus vicissim auxilium et consilium contra omnes homines et nominatim contra domnum papam repromisit, eum namque excom- municaverat ecclesia Romana. . . . Post mortem domni Innocentii reversus est in Italiam, et promissa satisfactione et obediencia Romane ecclesie, a damno Eugenio receptus est apud Viterbum." And it is more likely that the fear of relics caused them to reduce his body to ashes than merely to throw the ashes into the Tiber. 1 he energy \vith which Mr. Lea beats up information is extraordinary even when imperfectly economised. He justly makes ample use of the Vitae Paparu11z Aveni'onen- siu1n, which he takes apparently from the papal volume of Muratori. These biographies were edited by Baluze, with notes and documents of such value that A vignon without him is like Athenæus without Casaubon, or the Theodosian Code without Godefroy. But if he neglects him in print, he constantly quotes a certain Paris manuscript in which I think I recognise the very one which Baluze employed. Together with Guidonis and Eymerici, the leading authority of the fourteenth century is Zanchini, who became an in- quisitor at Rimini in 1300, and died in I 340. His book was published with a commentary by Campeggio, one of the Tridentine fathers; and Campeggio was further anno- tated by Simancas, \vha exposes the disparity between