Page:History of Corea, ancient and modern; with description of manners and customs, language and geography (1879).djvu/426

 396 QEOGBA^HY. second, from the sevenih to the fifteenth centuiy, vas Eaichow, 200 li west of the modem capital Sheool is well guarded by nature, being delightfully situated in nearly the heart of the eight Do, and surrounded on all sides by mountain ranges. The city furthest east of it is Ninghai, 745 li; west, Gangwen, 525 li ; south, Hainam, 896 li ; and north, Onseng, 2102 li Corea stretches from 33** 15' to 42** 31' N. lat ; and 122'* 15' to 131'' 10' E. long. Hence the greatest length of its mainland is, as the bird flies, about 600 miles, and greatest breadth, east to west, over 300 milea The Chinese account is therefore not so far out> when we remember that the calculation is along the road, which, in so mountainous a country, has necessarily many winding turns between Onseng and Hainam. The foUowing complete list of all the cities, or magisterial towns, of Corea is translated &om a Corean geography, written in Chinese, from which, and not from Corean, the pronunciation is taken. The map gives the Corean pronunciation. The first column contains the modem name of the city, the second its Ancient name, and the third the distance of that city from the capital in li. The map is indebted to M. Pallet's " Church in Corea " ; but his map, judged by the native geograjAy, is very inaccurate, very many of the cities being either too far or too near the capital as compared with other cities. Chinese cities are divided into three classes^ after the provincial Capital, which itself also belongs to the first of the three classes, being only pri/mvs inter pares. This division is into Foo or Prefecture, Ghow or Sub-Prefecture, and Hien or District city. The Corean classification, though founded on the Chinese, di£fers greatly froi^i it ; for the Coreans divide into six classea Yin is the first grade of city, and of this there are extremely few. After it comes the Moo city, with an hereditary nobility for its magistrate ; anciently almost every city had its hereditary lord. The third is the Foo or Prefecture; then the Kun or Sub- Prefecture, akin to which is the Ling, and last of all comes the Hien or District, as in China. The KiJl/n and Ling were also anciently used in China, but then there was no Chow or Hien^