Page:History of Corea, ancient and modern; with description of manners and customs, language and geography (1879).djvu/373

 LIGHT MOURNING. 345 The second and third offerings are also exactly like the firsts the chanter still facing east Henceforth there is no weeping and wailing at morning and evening ; but grief should be manifested by the countenance. On the day following the Dsookoo, is the FOOJI, or sacrifice to all the ancestors, which must be offered by the principal member of the family. If the family can afford it, this sacrifice is like the other great sacrifices ; but if not, a very small offering is sufficient. Light Mourning. The Siaohien, or light mourning, is after one complete year's mourning. The chanter uses the same words as in Ckoohien. The gwcm or cap is a piece of coarse white cotton ; four rounded sides, resembling a four-leaved shamrock leaf. The clothing must be that of the Dagoong — of those who mourn nine months. The skirt of the outer garment must have an unhemmed hole in it, and be of white cotton. The sash is to be of boiled fiax, a cross sash (over the shoulders) is made of the same material ; the shoes of hempen cord, and the staff, are as in full mourning. The lien (garment for the loins) must be of a quiet colour. If the father lives, and the mourning is for the mother, the lien is worn at the end of eleven months. The Daliien, or "great mourning," is worn till after the completion of the thirteenth month. After the thirteenth month is over, mourning may be laid aside, and, after a sacrifice, ordinary clothes assumed. The Siaohien means, however, twelve full months in mourning. On the day preceding the completion of the full twelve months, the Shangjoo and the other mourners wash the head and body ; then the vessels and utensils are prepared, and jwan got ready. The lien, or change of clothing, is also provided, and laid out in a separate place. The males put off their head napkin, and rip open the seam of their collar ; the hem of their skirts is also cut away, so as not to touch the ground, and they each carry a small board. Within this full year of mourning, no gold ornaments are to be worn, or pearls, embroidery, or scarlet, purple or any reddish colour ; — ^for red is the colour of rejoicing.