Page:History of Art in Phrygia, Lydia, Caria and Lycia.djvu/151

 FUNEREAL ARCHITECTURE. 135 intercolumnation of Roman Doric, well exemplified in the temple of Heracles at Cori. The monument cannot be carried back beyond the Seleucidae ; it may even date from the days when Phrygia formed part of the kingdom of Pergamos, or of the Roman empire. We find greater difficulty in fixing the dates of those monuments in which the true arch is seen side by side with the triangular pediment ; inasmuch as there are elements about them which persisted down to the opening years of our era in well- known tombs of Caria and Syria. Nevertheless, sundry indica- tions lead to the inference that our Phrygian tombs belong to an older epoch, and are the outcome of a local art, which, though in a certain degree open to Greek influence, was by no means slavish, and still clung to the methods of former ages. Of these signs we will single out the most noteworthy. In many of these monuments, chevrons form the ornament of the archivault which appears over the doorway, a device never used by the Greeks in that situation. Such would be a tomb in the Ayazeen necropolis (30 in map), whose fagade displays, more- over, a pair of lions carved over the entrance, and a shield in the tympan (Fig. 92). 1 This chevron device brings to mind, though in an abridged form, the crenellations the Assyrian artist dis- tributed about his fortresses. 2 It likewise occurs in Cappadocia, as robe-ornament of the deity who occupies the centre of an sediculum carved in the Pterian sanctuary. 3 Then, too, as a rule in our monuments, frontals are taller and more pointed than in Greek buildings. Their mode of attachment is clumsy ; for they are not the prolongation nor the development of the entablature, upon which they rest as a hat would, without being an integral part of it. The profiles of the moulding are very simple, and resemble archaic Greek make rather than the soft, undulating outlines of Grseco-Roman structures, found in plenty throughout the southern districts of the peninsula. Thus in the tomb which, beyond all others of this series, has been most minutely described, we find as terminal moulding at the sides of the frontal, a deeply inclined but rude form, with none of the characteristics of a Greek 1 M. Ramsay has handed to me a drawing of another rock-cut fa9ade, in which chevrons likewise encircle the arch. 2 PLACE, Ninive et T Assyrie, Plate XL.; Hist, of Art, torn. ii. Figs. 76, 155, 156, 190. 3 Hist, of Art, torn. iv. Fig. 314.