Page:History of Architecture in All Countries Vol 1.djvu/338

 306 ROMAN ARCHITECTURE. Part I. The most remarkable was that of Jupiter Stator in the Forum, the beautiful details of which have been already alluded to and described. This temple was octastyle in front. It was raised on a stylobate 22 ft. in height, the extreme width of which Avas 98 ft., and this corresponds as closely as possible with 100 Roman ft. The angular columns were 85 ft. from centre to centre. The height of the pillars was 48 ft., and that of the entablature 12 ft 6 mJ It is probable that the whole height to the apex of the pediment was nearly equal to the extreme width, and that it was designed to be so. The pillars certainly extended on both flanks, and the temple is generally restored as peristylar, but apparently without any authority. From the analogy of the other temples it seems more probable that there were not more than eight or ten pillars on each side, and that the apse of the cella formed the termination opposite the portico. The temple nearest to this in situation and style is that of Jupiter Tonans.2 The order in this instance is of slightly inferior dimensions to that of the temple just described, and of very inferior execution. The temple, too, was very much smaller, having only six columns in front, and from its situation it could not well have had more than that number on tlie flanks, so that its extreme dimensions were probably about 70 ft. by 85. The third is the Temple of Mars Ultor, of which a plan is annexed ; for though now as completely decayed as the other two, in the time of Ant. Sabacco and Palladio there seem to have been < suflicient remains to justify an attempt at restoration. As will be seen, it is nearly square in plan (112 ft. by 120). The cella is here a much moi-e important j)art than is usual in Greek temples, and terminates in an apse, which afterwards became characteristic of all places of wor- ship. Behind the cella, and on each side 186. Temple of Mars Ultor. (From, p c h. i i Creasy's "Rome.") Scale was a loity scrcen oi walis and arches, 100 ft. to 1 in. ^ „ , . , ^.,, . J J, part of which still remain, and lorm quite a new adjunct, unlike anything hitherto met with attached to any temple now known. ' These dimensions, with all those that follow, unless otherwise specified, are taken from Taylor and Creasy's "Architectural Antiquities of Rome," London, 1821. They seem more to be depended upon than any others I am acquainted with. ^ These two temples, like almost all the others of Rome, have recently been renamed by the Roman or i-ather Ger- man antiquaries. The Jupiter Tonans is now the Temple of Saturn, and the Jupiter Stator is decreed to have been a Temple of Minerva. I have preferred the names by which they are currently known, as the architecture is of more importance here than the archisology.