Page:History of Architecture in All Countries Vol 1.djvu/258

 226 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE. Part I. abandon the incongruities of the style, and we lose all trace of the original form, Aviiich never reappears at an after age. All the original buildings of Lycia are tombs or monumental erections of some kind, and generally may be classed under two heads, those having curvilinear and those having rectilinear roofs, of botn which classes examples are found structural — or standing alone, — as well as rock-cut. The woodcut (No. 115) rej^resents a perfectly constructed tomb. It consists first of a double podium, which may have been in all cases, or at least generally, of stone. Above this is a rectangular chest or sarcophagus, cer- tainly copied from a wood- en form; all the mortises and framing, even to the pins that held them to- gether, being literally ren- dered in the stonework. Above this is a curvilinea-r roof of pointed form, which also is in all its parts a copy of an original in Avood. When these forms are repeated in the rock, the stylobate is omitted, and only the ui)per part repre- sented, as shown in the an- nexed woodcut (No. 116). When the curvilinear roof is omitted, a flat one is substituted, nearly simi- lar to those common in the country at the present day, consisting of beams of un- squared timber, laid side by side as close as they can be laid, and over this a mass of concrete or clay, sufficiently thick to prevent the rain from jjene- trating through. Sometimes this is surmounted by a low ])ediment, and sometimes the lower framing also stands out from the rock, so as to give the entrance of the tomb something of a porch-like form. Both these forms are illustrated in the two woodcuts (Nos. 117 and 118), and numerous varieties of them are shown in the works of Sir Charles Fellows and others, all containing the same elements, and betraying most distinctly the wooden origin from which they were derived. The last form that these buildinus took was in the substitution of 116. Rotk cut Tijcian Tomb. (Fioiu Forbes and Spnitt's " Lycia.")