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Rh Danley, who dropped the Democrat from the title when The True Democrat appeared. Save for its suspension in 1863-65, The Arkansas Gazette has continued publication until to-day.

The second paper in the State was The Advocate brought out at Little Rock in March, 1830, by Charles P. Bertrand, a native of New York City and a frontier lawyer of unusual ability. It was owned and edited by him until 1835 when it passed into the control of Albert Pike and Charles E. Rice. The same year that The Advocate was established, The Democrat was founded at Helena by Henry L. Biscoe: its editor, however, was William T. Yeomans. After the rupture between Governor Pope and The Arkansas Gazette Andrew J. Hunt, in December, 1833, started at Little Rock The Political Intelligencer; edited by Colonel John W. Steele, it became the official spokesman for Governor Pope until the end of his term. Later, becoming a Whig organ, it changed its name to The Times. On Hunt's death The Times and The Advocate joined forces under the leadership of Albert Pike. Charles T. Towne in 1839 called for a short time The Witness to the stand in behalf of the Demo- cratic Party. C. F. M. Noland let loose The Eagle at Batesville in 1840 to cry for the Whigs. David Lambert let The Star first shine in Little Rock the same year.

TEXAS SIFTINGS

When Commodore Aury, Colonel Mina, and Captain Perry were stationed at Galveston Island in 1816 the military orders and others news were printed on a small sheet by Samuel Bangs, a peripatetic printer coming from Baltimore. While this sheet could hardly be called the first newspaper, it was a sort of pre- cursor to journalism in Texas. Another precursor appeared in 1819 when the Long Expedition reached Nacogdoches and made that point its headquarters. During its stay Horatio Bigelow published a small sheet more or less regularly; it gave the history of the Expedition, however, rather than general news.

The first real paper of the Lone Star State was The Texas Gazette, which made its appearance September 29, 1829, and was published by Godwin Brown Gotten in San Felipe, Austin County. The Texas Gazette survived until 1832 when it was purchased by