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The next paper, in order of establishment, in Ohio was The Western Spy and Hamilton Gazette, first published May 28, 1799, at Cincinnati by James Carpenter. Its name was changed to The Western Spy in 1806; three years later, April 13, 1809, to The Whig, and still later, June 13, 1810, to The Advertiser. Evi- dently, the changes in names did not add to the circulation of the sheet, for it was eventually forced to suspend publication. In- cidentally it may be remarked that in September, 1810, Car- penter started The Western Spy, but early in 1819 he changed it to The Western Spy and Cincinnati General Advertiser. It united with The Literary Cadet on April 29, 1820, only to become The National Republican and Ohio Political Register on January 1, 1823. A change in name was made January 3, 1830, to The National Republican and Cincinnati Daily Mercantile Advertiser, and on July 11, 1833, to The Cincinnati Republican and Commer- cial Register.

The third paper in Ohio has already been mentioned, The Sciota Gazette. This influential sheet, so often quoted in New York, Philadelphia, and other papers, was established in Chilli- cothe April 25, 1800, by Nathaniel Willis, a family name often met with in the history of American journalism. The Gazette absorbed The Fredonian in August, 1815, and The Supporter in March, 1821.

Of the other early papers in Ohio mention may be made of The Ohio Gazette and The Territorial and Virginia Herald, the fourth paper in the Northwestern Territory established De- cember 7, 1801, by Wyllys Silliman and Elijah Backus at Marietta; The Liberty Hall and Cincinnati Mercury, by John W. Browne, December 4, 1804, at Cincinnati; The Ohio Herald, by Thomas G. Bradford & Company, July 27, 1805, at Chilli- cothe; The Fredonian, by R. D. Richardson, February 19, 1807, at Chillicothe; The Star, by John McLean, February 13, 1807, at Lebanon; The Commentator, by Dunham and Gardiner, Sep- tember 16, 1807, at Marietta; The Supporter, by George Nashee, September 29, 1808, at Chillicothe; The Independent Republican, by Peter Parcels, September 8, 1809, at Chillicothe; The Im- partial Observer, by John C. Gilkinson & Company March 25, 1809, at St. Clairsville; The Ohio Sentinel, by Isaac G. Burnett May 3, 1810, at Dayton.