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1778. He discontinued publication in Poughkeepsie on Janu- ary 6, 1782, and returned the latter part of 1783 to New York, where he again brought out his paper on November 22 of that year. Other publishers of the period were forced to make simi- lar arrangements. Edes took his Gazette from Boston to Water- town; Thomas, his Massachusetts Spy from Boston to Worces- ter; Loudon, his New-York Packet to Fishkill; South wick, his Newport Mercury to Attlebury; Dunlap, his Pennsylvania Packet from Philadelphia to Lancaster, etc.

NEWSPAPER OFFICE MOBBED

The Royalist papers, published under the protection and the encouragement of the British authorities, continued to issue their numbers, but they experienced difficulties and hardships almost equal to those of the patriotic papers, for local citizens, sympathizing as they did with the cause of national independ- ence, positively refused to support journals with Tory editorial policies. But of these Tory sheets, possibly the most hated as well as the most feared was Rivington's New-York Gazetteer; or the Connecticut, New Jersey, Hudson's River and Quebec Weekly Advertiser, which James Rivington, once a member of a famous English publishing house of his name, established in New York April 22, 1773. So bitter became the feeling against this news- paper that its shop was twice mobbed during 1777. The second time a thorough job was done; a group of armed men on No- vember 27 rode into New York, broke into the building, de- stroyed the press, and carried away the type, which was later melted into bullets for the use of the "Rebels," as Rivington called the Whigs. But Rivington, securing from England new press and type, brought out The New-York Loyal Gazette, which became, as has already been asserted, the official organ of the British in New York.

AID FROM ARMY

Because the New York newspapers were supervised by the British authorities, New Jersey as a "war measure" promoted the establishment of The New-Jersey Journal at Chatham. The Revolutionary forces under Washington at Morristown, five