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end much as it was a thousand years ago; probably the church at first was very like what we may still see at Brixworth. The tower outside is divided into panels by strips of stone, which go deep into the walls and project from the rubble masonry, as at Barnack. This has been aptly termed "Stone carpentry," but cannot really be a continuation in stone of a previously existing method of building with a wooden framework, such as we see in the half-timbered houses of the south of England, because that method of building was later. It is possibly a method imported from Germany; certainly the double light with the mid-wall jamb came from Northern Italy to the Rhenish provinces, and may have come on to England from thence. Hence it has been termed "Teutonic Romanesque." The Avon at Barton-on-Humber.

Of the four stages of the tower the lowest has an arcading of