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 HBRRINGSHAWS LIBRARY OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY. devoted his attention to benevolent objects. He died Feb. 20, 1854, in EMladelphia, Pa. Cresson, John Chapman, farmer, educator, civil engineer, was born in 1806 in Philadelphia, Pa. He was given the chair of mechanics and natural philosophy in Franklin institute in 1837; and in 1855 was made its president. He was president of the Mine Hill and Schuylkill Haven railroad in 1847-76; and was one of the

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Fairmount park commissioners, afterward becoming chief engineer of that park. He died in 1876 in Philadelphia, Pa. Creswell, John A. J., lawyer, congressman, United States senator, cabinet officer, was born Nov. 18, 1828, in Port Deposit, Md. He was a member of the Maryland house of delegates in 1861-62; and in 1863-65 he was a representative from Maryland to the thirtyeighth congress; and in 1865-67 he was senator to fill a vacancy. He was a delegate to the Philadelphia loyalists' convention of 1866; of the border states convention, held in Baltimore in 1867; and the Chicago convention of 1868. In 1869-74 he was postmaster-general. He died Dec. 23, 1891, in Elkton, Md. Creswell, Mrs. Julia Pleasants, author, poet, was born Aug. 21, 1827, in Huntsville, Ala. She was the author of Aphelia and Other Poems by Two Cousins; and Callamura, an allegorical novel. She died June 9, 1886, in Shreveport, La. Cret,

Paul Philippe, educator, architect,

was born

Oct. 23, 1876, in France. Since 1903 he has been assistant professor of design in the university of Pennsylvania. Cretin, Joseph, clergyman, bishop, founder, was bom in 1800 in Lyons, Prance. In 1851,

accompanied by several priests, he began his work at St. Paul, Minn. He did much to develop the resources of Minnesota by the interest he took in immigration. He built the cathedral of St. Paul at a cost of seventy thousand dollars. He died in 1857 in St. Paul, Minn. Crew, Henry, educator, author, was born June 4, 1859, in Richmond, Ohio. In 1882 he graduated from Princeton college with the degree of B'.A. Then in 1883-84 he was a fellow in Princeton college; and in 1884-87 was a fellow in physics at the Johns Hopkins university. In 1888-91 he was an instructor in physics in the Haverford college; and in 1888-91 was also astronomer at the Lick observatory. He

was assistant editor of the Astrophysical Journal. Since 1S92 he has been professor of physics at the Northwestern university at Evanston, 111. He is the author of The Elements of Physics; and various papers on Spectroscopy.

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Crevecoeur, Jean Hector Saint John de, was born in 1731 in France. He is the author of Letters from an American Farmer; and several works in French. Crew, William Binford, lawyer, jurist, was born April 1, 1852, in Morgan county, Ohio. In 1889-91 he was a representative in the Ohio state legislature; and in 1891-1902 was judge of the court of common pleas. Since 1902 he has been judge of the supreme court of Ohio. Crewes, Richard, clergyman. He received his education at the Northwestern university; at the Garrett biblical institute; and at the Illinois Wesleyau university. For several years he was a, member of the joint board of trustees and visitors of the Illinois Wesleyan university. He is a successful clergyman of the methodist episcopal church in the central Illinois conference; and now fills a pastorate in Dwight, 111. In 1892-96 he was the first president of the eighth gen-* eral conference district of the Epworth pioneer, author,

league.

Crewson, Evander A., poet, was born Dec. 1849, in Washington county, Ohio. He is the author of Old Times, a volume of poemo. Cribben, Henry, soldier manufacturer, founder, was bom Sept. 19, 1833, on the Isle of Man. At the age of four years he was brought by his parents to Rochester, N.Y.; and in 1851-62 was an iron molder. He served throughout the civil war; and participated in the battles in the army of the Potomac. In 1867-73 he was president of the Rochester co-operative foundry company; and in 1873 organized the firm of Cribben and Sexton of Chicago, 111. He has been president of the National association of stove manufacturers; and in 1886-97 was president of the stove manufacturers defense 8,

association. Cribbs, Hyatt M., merchant, business man, president, statesman, was born June 12, 1865, in Wattersonville, Pa. He was educated in the public schools of Verona, Pa.; and at Duff's business college of Pittsburg, Pa. He is a successful dealer in lumber, hardware and builders' supplies of Verona, Pa.; was president of Pittsburg pole and forge company; a director of the Verona building and loan association; and identified with various other business enterprises. For twelve years he was councilman of Verona borough; and a member of the county commissioners. In 1906-08 he was a representative in the Pennsylvania state legislature. Crider, Albert Foster, geologist. Since 1906 he has been state geologist of Mississippi.

Cridge, Edward, clergyman, bishop. In 1902 he became-bishop of the reformed episcopal church of Maine. Cridler, Thomas Wilbur, government official, diplomat, was bom Nov. 13, 1850 in Harper's Ferry, W.Va. He was special disbursing agent of the department of state at

the Brussels monetary conference in 1892; and was present in Paris at the signing of