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 HBRRIiSrG&HAW'S LIBRARY OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY. Churchill, Lida A., journalist, author, was born in Harrison, Maine. She received a thorough education in public and private schools.

She

was

a

telegraph

operator in Northbridge and Providence; and for several years was literary

secretary to the Rev. Charles A. Dickinson. In 1897-1902 she was assistant editor of Success; and has been a writer for the leading newspapers and magazines of America. She is the author of The Jlagic Seven; My Girls; Interweaving; A Grain of Madness; The Magnet; and other orks.

Churchill, Marlborough, soldier, was born in Massachusetts. In 1901 he became second lieutenant in the artillery corps. Churchill, Mendal, soldier, was born in Ohio. In 1861 he was a captian in the twen-

ty-seventh regiment Ohio infantry; and in 1865 was brevetted brigadier-general of volunteers. He died Oct. 21, 1902.

was born Aug. Woodstock, Vt. In 1808 he pub-

Churchill, Sylvester, soldier, 2, 1783, in

lished the Vermont Republican. He served in the war of 1812-15; and was appointed a lieutenant of artillery in 1812. He accompanied General Wood in the Mexican war;

and was promoted brevet brigadier-general in 1847, in recognition of his services at the battle of Buena Vista. He was retired from active service in 1861. He died Dec. 7, 1862, in Washington, D.U. Churchill, Thomas j ., governor. He was the fifteenth governor of Arkansas in 1881-83. He died in 1905 in Little Rock, Ark. Churchill, tor,

William, manufacturer, inven-

was born Nov.

3,

1876, in

New

Britain,

Conn. He graduated from Yale university with the degrees of A.B. and Ph.D.; and was a student at Leipzie university in Germany. In 1902-04 he was an instructor in Yale college. Since 1904 he has been a member of the scientific staff of Corning glass works of New York. He has taken out eight United States patents and various foreign patents relating to signal lenses and signal glass. He is a fellow of the American association for the advancement of science; and a member of the society of chemical industry. He is the author of papers published in the Proceedings of the Railway signal association.

was born Nov. Mo. He is the author

Churchill, Winston, author, 10, 1871, in St. Louis,

of 4,

The Celebrity; and Richard Carvel. Churchman, John, preacher, was born June 1705, in Nottingham, Pa. He began his

career as a preacher of the Society of friends in 1733. He traveled and preached through England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland narrative of his life and and Holland.

A

619

labors was published in London in 1780. He died July 24, 1775, in Nottingham, Pa. Churchman, John, scientist, author, was born May 29, 1753, in East Nottingham, Pa. He was an originator of the idea of finding longitude at sea. He was the author of The Magnetic Atlas; or Variation Charts of the whole Terragueous Globe; Comprismg a, system of the Variation and Dip of the needs by which the Observations being Truly Made, ihe Longitude May be Ascertained. He died July 17, 1805, at sea. Churchman, John, philosopher, author, was born in Slaryland. He belonged to the Society of friends; and was noted for his investigations into the causes of the variations of the magnetic needle. In addition to several philosophical treatises, he also published a variation -chart of the Globe, Magnetic Atlas and Explanation. He died July 24, 1805. Churcnman, William H., educator, was

born in 1818 in Baltimore, Md. In 1840 he was appointed assistant teacher of music and other branches in the institution for the blind at Columbus, Ohio. He was superintendent of the Indiana institution for the blind at Indianapolis in 1847-53. In 1855 he was appointed superintendent of the Wisconsin institute for the blind at Janesville. died in Janesville, Wis. Churchwell, William M., congressman, was born near Knoxville, Tennessee. In 1851-55 he was a representative from Tennessee to the thirty-second and thirty-third congresses. He died in Tennessee. Chute, Horatio Nelson, educator, author, was born Dec. 26, 1847, in Canada. Since 1873 has been an instructor of physical science in the Ann Arbor high school. He is the author of Elements -of Physics rnysical Laboratory MairaaV; Laboratory Work; The Teaching of Physics; and other works. Chute, William Edward, educator, genealogist, author, was born on April 24, 1832, in Nova Scotia. He has taught school and has given singing lessons for forty years in New York, Minnesota, Missouri, Michigan and Maine. He is the author of the Chute Genealogy and other works; and has assisted in the editing of the Baptist Hymn Writer; and American Musicians. Chytraus, Axel, lawyer, jurist, was born Sept. 15, 1859, in Sweden. He was educated in the common schools of Sweden, and in the public and private schools of Chicago, 111. Since 1898 he has ben judge of the suprior court of Cook county, and is now serving his second term of 1904-10. Cigrand, Bernard John, dentist, author, was born on Oct. 1, 1866, in Fredonia, Wis. Since 1888 he has practiced dentistry in Chicago and for several years was president of the American college of dental surgery. He is the author of Compendium of Dentistry; History of Dentistry; The Story of the Great Seal of the United States; and Historical Queries and Answers.

He