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HERRINGSHAWS LIBRARY OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.

politics; and established himself in Philadelphia as a bookseller. He was the author of The Olive Branch, or Faults on Both Sides, Federal and Democratic; and Thoughts on Penitentiaries and Prison Dis-

into

Essays on Political Economy; and The Yellow Fever of 1793. He died Sept.

cipline;

16, 1839, in Philadelphia, Pa.

Carhart, Daniel, educator, civil engineer, author, was bom Jan. 28, 1839, in Clinton, N.J. He was a, student at the polytechnic institute of Troy, N. Y.; attended the polytechnic college of

Pennsylvania,

'

from

which

latter institution he received the degrees of C.B. and M. C.E.; and also the degree of Sc.D. from the Western university of Pennsylvania. In 185968 he practiced as a civil engineer; and in 1868-78 was professor of civil engineering at the polytechnic college of Pennsylvania. In 1882 he was called to the Western university of Pennsylvania to found the department of engineering; and is now dean of the collegiate and engineering departments in that institution. He is the author of Plane Surveying, a textbook; Field Book for Civil Engineers; and a contributor to the Century Cyclopaedia and other

Since 1886 he has been professor of physics at the university of Michigan. In 1893 h( was president of the board of judges in th( department of electricity of the World's Col umbian exposition; and in 1901 was a mem ber of the jury of awards at the Pan-Amer ican exposition. In 1904-05 he was presideni of the American electro-chemical society; and in 1905 accompanied the British associa tion for the' advancement of science to Afri ca. He is part author of Elements of Physics; University Physics; Electrical Measure ments; and High School Physics.

Carhart, Jeremiah, manufacturer, inventor, in September, 1813, in Dutchess county, N.Y. He made several inventions in 1836-46, including the exhaustion-bellowa and tubular reed-board that are now used by all American makers of reed instruments. He then began to manufacture melodeons. He died Aug. 16, 1868, in New York City.

was born

Carl,

William Crane, musician, composer,

was born March

2, 1865, in Bloomiield, N.J. Since 1893 he has been organist and choirmaster of the First presbyterian church oi

New York

City.

He

is

a director of the

mant organ

Guilschool; a

director and founder of the American guild of organists; and a director of the Manu-

author, Orleans, La.

He has all the leading expositions in Europe and in America;

She a'l'aduated from the state female college Memphis, Tenn. of and was a pupil in art of Gustav Courtis. In

and has been soloist with the Thomas orchestra, Damrosch orchestra and Worcester festival; traveled with the Taft party in Japan; and has made

script society.

works. Carl,

played at

Katharine Augusta,

was born about 1860

in

artist,

New

1890

received

she

awards and honorary mention;

1900 re-

in

ceived honorary mention at the Paris exposition for painting

The Mirror; and has exhibited

various a member of the Societie nationale des beauz arts of Paris; and a member of various American art societies. She has also painted Cupid and P.syche; Iris; and numerous other works of art. She is also the author of With the Empress of China. places.

in

She

is

Carhart, Henry Smith, educator, scientist, author, was born March 27, 1844, in Coeymans, N.Y. In 1869 he graduated from Wesleyan university; and later received the degree of LL.D. from that institution. He subsequently studied at Yale, Harvard and in Berlin. Since 1869 he has been a teacher; and in 1873-86 was professor of physics and chemistry at the Northwestern university.

four trans-continental tours. He inaugurated many of the large organs in the United States. His works include Decennial Te Deum, Songs, organs pieces and other compositions.

Carle, James, soldier, was born in New York. In 1861 he was first lieutenant in the sixth regiment of Pennsylvania; and in 1865 was brevetted brigadier-general of volunteers.

Carle, Richard, actor, playwright, was born 7, 1871, in Somerville, Mass. He began his stage career in 1891 in York City. He was leading man in The Spring Chicken in 1906-07. He is the author of The

July

New

Stork; The Tenderfoot; Mam'selle Awkins; and The Mayor of Tokio. Carland, John

Emmett, lawyer,

jurist,

was

born Dec. 11, 1853, in Oswego county, N.Y. In 1885 he was appointed United States attorney for Dakota territory. In 1888 he became justice of the supreme court of Dakota territory; and since 1896 has been United States district judge for the district oi South Dakota.