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 HBRRINGSHAWS LIBRARY OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY, Since 1897 he has been secretary of the Indiana board of state charities; since 1905 has been secretary of the American prison association; and in 1907 was president of the national conference of charities and correciions. He is the author of Birds of Indiana;

and

numerous Monographs on

zoological,

anthropological and sociological subjects. Butler, Andrew Pickens, lawyer, jurist, United States senator, was born Nov. 19, 1796, in South Carolina. He served as a member of the South Carolina state legislature; and in 1835-47 was one of the judges of the general sessions of common pleas. In 184757 he was United States senator. He died May 25, 1857, near Edgefield, S.C. Butler, Benjamin Franklin, lawyer, legislator, was born Dec. 14, 1795, in Kinderhook, N.Y. In 1831 he was appointed district attorney for the city of Albany; in 1827 was elected to the state legislature; and in 183337 and 1837-38 attorney-general; and in 1836-37 was secretary of war. In 1845 he was a presidential elector; and was subsequently twice appointed United States attorney for the southern district of New York. He died Nov. 8, 1858, in Paris, France. Butler, Benjamin Franklin, soldier, lawyer, governor, congressman, was born Nov. 5, 1818, in Deerfield, N.H. In 1853 he was elected to the state legislature; in 1859 was elected to the state senate; and in 1860 was a delegate to the convenCharlestown

In 1861 he was appointed a brigadiergeneral; and entered actively into the civil war movements. Before the close of that year he was made a major-general, serving as such in New Orleans, Port Darling, and various other places. At the conclusion of the tion.

war he resumed the practice of law in Lowell; and in 1867-79 he was a representative from Massachusetts to the fortytieth to the forty-fifth congresses. He was one of the managers of the impeachment civil

trial of

Andrew Johnson. He was

re-elected

to the forty-first, forty-second, forty-third and forty-fifth congresses. In 1883-86 he was the thirty-second governor of Massachusetts. He died Jan. 11, 1893, in Washington, D.C.

Butler, Caleb, educator, author, was born the Sept. 13, 1776, in Pelham, N.H. He was principal instructor at the Groton academy for eleven years. He was the author of Facts as to Affairs in Groton; Review Reviewed;

and History of Groton. in Groton, Mass.

He

died Oct.

7,

1854,

Butler, Charles, college president, philanwas born Feb. 15, 1802, in Kinderhook, N.Y. In 1835 he was one of the foundincorporators of the Union theologiers thropist,

cal

and seminary of

made

its

New York City; and was president. In 1889 he endowed a

515

chair of biblical theology in that seminary in the sum of one hundred thousand dollars in the memory of Edward Robinson, the eminent biblical scholar. He died in 1897. Butler, Charles Henry, lawyer, court reporter, author, was born June 18, 1859, in New York City. In 1881 he graduated from Princeton university. For many years he practiced law in New York City; in 1898 he was legal expert of the Anglo-American Canadian commission; and since 1902 he has been reporter of the United States supreme court at Washington, D.C. He is the author of Cuba Must be Free the Voice of the Natfon; Our Relations with Spain; Our Treaty with Spain; Freedom of Private Property on the Sea; and Treaty Making Power of the United States, in two volumes. Butler, Chester, lawyer, congressman, was born March 1, 1798, in Wilkesbarre, Pa. He served three terms in the state legislature of Pennsylvania; and in 1847-51 he was a representativfe from Pennsylvania to the thirtieth and thirty-first congresses. He died Oct. 5, 1850, in Philadelphia, Pa. Butler, Clement Moore, clergyman, theologian, author, was born Oct. 16, 1810, in Troy, N.Y. He was professor of ecclesiastical history in the Episcopal divinity school of Philadelphia in 1864-84. He was the author of Book of Common Prayer Interpreted by its History; Old Truths and New Errors; The Flock Fed; St. Paul in Rome; Inner Rome; Manual of Ecclesiastical History from the First to the Eighteenth Century;

and The Reformation in Sweden. He died March 5, 1890, in Germantown, Pa. Butler, Cyrus, philanthropist, was born in 1767. He gave forty thousand dollars to endow the Butler hospital for the insane at Providence. He died Aug. 22, 1849, in Providence, R.I. Butler, David, governor. He was the first governor of Nebraska in 1867-71. He died May 25, 1891. Butler, Edward, soldier, was born Dec. 31, 1763, in Mt. Pleasant, Pa. He served in many expeditions against the Indians and in the

revolutionary war; and attained the rank of adjutant-general. He died May 6, 1803, in Georgia. Butler,

Edward Crompton,

journalist, di-

plomat, was born Aug. 20, 1853, in Westfield, Mass. In 1877 he began his journalistic cathe reer; and in 1881-84 was on the staff of Kansas City Star. Since 1893 he has served bein connection with the legation; and came charge d' affairs to Mexico. Butler, Ezra, congressman, governor, was born in September, 1763, in Vermont. He was a member of the Vermont state assembly eleven years; was first judge of the Chittenden county court in 1803-06; was chief justice in 1806-11 In 1813-15 he was a representative from Vermont to the thirteenth congress; member of the Vermont constitutional convention in 1822; and eighth governor of that state in 1826-28, making fifty-three years .