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organizations he has secured many advantages for the teachers of that city. He has been especially instrumental in securing legislation in the interest of teachers on the subject of retirement on annuity after long service and for disability. These benefits have been obtained for the teachers of the

country" at large as well as for the teachers of New York City. He is recognized generally as the best informed authority on the subject of public school teachers' retirement laws. He is a member and the secretary of the board of retirement of the department of education of the City of New York. Best, Philip, manufacturer, founder, was born Sept. 26, 1814, in Germany. He located in Milwaukee ; and with his father and three brothers established the famous brewery of Philip Best and company. He was for many years a major-general of the Wisconsin state militia.

He

died in 1869 in Bavaria.

Best, Susie Montgomery, educator, poet, was born in Ireland. She is the author of a volume of poems entitled The Fallen Pillar Saint. Bestor, Orson Porter, clergyman, missionary, was born March 16, 1844, in Suffleld, Conn. He was educated at Brown university at the baptist union theological seminary, and at the university of Chicago. He has filled pastorates in the baptist church at Neponset, Bristol, Dixon and Pullman, 111.; in Madison, Beloit, Evansville and Bay View, Wis.; and since 1899 in Milwaukee, Wis. In 1889-05 he was recording secretary of the Wisconsin baptist state convention.

Bethea, Solomon

Hicks, lawyer, public 20, 1852, in Lee county, 111. He received the rudiments of his education in the schools of Dixon, 111.; and in 1872 graduated from the university of Michofficial,

was born May

He has been mayor of Dixon; masterchancery; and United States attorney for the norLliern district of Illinois. He is now United States judge. Bethune, George Washington, clergyman, author, was born in March, 1805, in New York. In IS^R he became a clergyman of the Dutch reform church; and he has filled pas^ji^*^*'^^^H torates in Rhineland, f

Bethune, Laughlin, state senator, congressin North Carolina. He was for several years a state senator of North

man, was born

Carolina. In 1831-33 he was a representative from North Carolina to the twenty-second and twenty-third congresses. He died in 1856 in Fayetteville, N.C.

Bethune, Mrs. Louise B., architect, was born July 21,- 1856, in Waterloo, N.Y. She

was the

first

woman

ural profession; since 1881.

to enter the architect-

and has been an architect

Bethune, Marion, congressman, was born in Georgia. In 1871 he was a representative from Georgia to the forty-first congress. Bethune, Robert Armour, designer, architect, was born June 7, 1855, in Canada. He has been an architect since 1881. Among the

more important buildings designed by him are the old seventy-fourth regiment armory; Lafayette hotel; the East Buffalo live stock exchange of Buffalo, N.Y.; the Lockport high school; and eighteen other schools in western. New York.

Bethune, Thomas Green, musician, was born May 35, 1849, near Columbus, Ga. He was blind from birth, and known as Blind Tom. He M'as born a slave. At the age of five he was familiar with the piano. He made his first public appearance in 1858; and made successful tours of the United States and Europe. He died in 1908. Betton, Silas, congressman, was born in 1764. In 1803-07 he was a representative from New Hampshire to the eighth and ninth congresses. He held the office of sheriiT of Rockingham county for several years. He died in 1822 in Salem, N.H. Betts, B. Franklin, educator, gynecologist,

was born Dec. 1, 1845, in Warminster, Pa. He was educated in private schools; and in 1868 graduated from

igan.

the

in

cal college of Philadel-

^^^

'

^

^^^"

Pthinebeck and Utica, N.Y.; in Philadi-tphia. Pa.; fo' I'leven years

Brooklyn city, N.Y and in li-59 impaired

in

health led him to reHe was the author of History of a Penitent; British Female Poets, with biographical and critical notes; Lays of Love and Faith; Orations and Discourses; Memoirs of Joamia Bethune: Fruits of the Spirit; and Early Lost, Early Saved. He was an ardent fisherman; and edited Walton's Complete Angler. He died April 27, 1862, in Florence, Italy. sign.

Hahnemann medi-

phia, Pa. In 1868-70 he took a special course of study in Europe.

Since that time he has practiced in Philadelphia, Pa. In 1873 he was professor of physiology and microscopic anatomy at Hahne-

mann

medical college. In 1876 he organized the department of gynecology, remaining professor until 1893. For three years he lectured on hygiene; and for five years lectured on children's diseases. He is consulting gynecologist to the Hahnemann medical college hospital and to the woman's homoeopathic hospital of Philadelphia, Pa. Betts, Beverley Robinson, clergyman, journalist, librarian, author, was born Aug. 1, 1837, in New York City. He was successively rector of several churches until 1865, when he was appointed librarian of Columbia. Of the large library of that college he prepared a full catalogue. For many years he was one