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286 Theology; Scepticism; and Political Atheism. He died Jan. 10, 1863, in Brooklyn, N.Y.

Beecher, Henry Ward, clergyman, author, was born June 24, 1813, in Litchfield, Conn.; and was a son of Lyman Beecher. He was a

congregational clergyman widely famous as the pastor of Plymouth church of Brooklyn in 1847-87. He was an earnest and largehearted man, though not a deep thinker; and his cheerful influence upon middle-class American thought was very extensive. His literary work can hardly be said to possess enduring excellence and much of it is already forgotten, graphic and picturesque as it often is. He was the author of Eyes and Ears; Life Thoughts; Star Papers; Yale Lectures on Preaching; Lectures to Young Men; Speeches on the American Rebellion; Doctrinal Beliefs and Unbeliefs; and Life of Jesus the Christ. His only novel, Norwood, is a collection of successful character studies rather than a finished story. He died March 8, 1887, in Brooklyn, N.Y.

Beecher, Philemon, lawyer, congressman, was born in 1775, in New Haven, Conn. In 1817-19 and 1823-29 he was a representative from Ohio to the fifteenth, eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth congresses. He died Nov. 30, 1839, in Lancaster, Ohio.

Beecher, Thomas Kinnicut, clergyman, author, was born Feb. 10, 1824, in Litchfield, Conn. and was a son of Lyman Beecher. In 1854 he moved to Elmira to take charge of the Independent congregational church, afterward the Park church. He was the author of Our Seven Churches; and a Well-Considered Estimate of the Episcopal Church. He died March 14, 1900, in Elmira, N.Y.

Beecher, Willis Judson, educator, clergyman, author, was born on April 29, 1838, in Hampden. Ohio. He was educated in the

public schools of Connecticut and New York; attended academies at Augusta and Vernon, N.Y.; in 1858 received the degree of B.A. from Hamilton college; and in 1864 graduated from the Auburn theological seminary. In 1858-61 he was a teacher in Whitestown seminary, state of New York; and in 1864-65 was pastor of the presbyterian church at Ovid, N.Y. In 1865-69 he was professor of moral science and literature at Knox college of Galesburg, 111. In 1869-71 he was pastor of the First church of Christ at Galesburg, Ill.; and in 1871-1908 was professor of Hebrew language and literature in Auburn seminary, N.Y. He is the author of Farmer Tompkins and His Bibles ; The Prophets and the Promise ; Teaching of Jesus Concerning the Future Life; Dated Events of the Old Testament.

Beedle, J. D., governor. He was governor of New Jersey. He died Nov. 21, 1894, in New York City.

Beekman, Gerardus, colonial governor, was born in New York City. He was a physician and a wealthy land-holder in New York City; a major under Jacob Leisler, and a member of his council at the time of the revolution of 1688. After the removal of Governor Ingoldsby, Beekman was president of the council, and acting governor until 1710. He died about 1728 in New York City.

Beekman, Henry Rutgers, lawyer, jurist, was born Dec. 8, 1845, in New York City. In 1886 he was elected president of the board of aldermen of New York City. In 1888 he was appointed counsel to the corporation of the city of New York. In 1894-1900 he was a judge of the state superior court. He died in 1900 in New York City.

Beekman, James William, state senator, was born Nov. 22, 1815, in New York City. He was chosen state senator of New York in 1850 and served two terms; and in 1861 with Erastus Corning and Thurlow Weed, he was appointed by a meeting of conservative men in New York to go to Washington and urge President Buchanan to relieve Fort Sumter. died June 15, 1877, in New York City.

Beekman, Thomas, congressman. He was a representative from New York to the twentieth congress in 1827-29. He died in Peterboro, N.Y.

Beeman, Joseph H., business man, farmer, legislator, congressman, was born Nov. 17, 1835, in Gates county, N.C. He was a member of the Mississippi legislature in 1883-91. He has been connected with the Farmers' Alliance since its organization in the state; and served as chairman of the state executive committee. In 1891-93 he was a representative from Mississippi to the fifty-second congress as a democrat.

Beer, William, mining engineer, librarian, was born in 1849 in Plymouth, England. He graduated from the school of physical science

in England. In 1872-78 he studied in Paris; in 1879-84 was in business in Newcastle-on-Tyne, England; and in 1886-90 was engagin mining in the United States. He was lib- rarian of the Topeka public library. Since 1891 he has been librarian of the Howard memorial library; and in 1896-1906 was also librarian of the New Orleans public linrary; which he organized and for which he planned the Carnegie building.