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 HERRING SHAW'S LIBRARY OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.

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club of that city. In 1902-05 he was a representative in the New Jersey state assembly; and in 1904-05 was speaker. In 190608 he was a member of the state senate. Ax, Christian, manufacturer, was born Nov. 12, 1823, in Prussia. The firm of G. W. Gail and Ax developed during the life of Mr. Ax one of the largest manufacturing plants of its class in the country. It is now Identified with the American tobacco company. He died March 20, 1887. Axline, William Andrew, educator, .superintendent of schools, was born Aug. 18, 1846, near Fultonham, Ohio. He received a thorough education and graduated from the Fultanham high school

and academy. He has superintendent been and principal of the Koseville, South Zanesville.

school for nurses of Newton, Kan.; and one of the most prominent men in the medical profession of that state. Axtell, Samuel B., lawyer, jurist, congressman, governor, was born Oct. 14, 1819, in Franklin county, Ohio. He moved to California in 1851. In 1867-71 he was a representative from California to the fortieth and forty-first congresses. In 1874-75 he was governor of Utah; and in 1875-78 was gov-

ernor of New Mexico. In 1876 he was selected as one of the judges at the Centennial exhibition. In 1882 he was appointed chief justice of the supreme court of New Mexico. He died Aug. 7, 1891, in New Jersey. Ayars, Emerson Winfield, physician, surgeon, public official, was born Aug. 21, 1866, in Dodge Center, Minn. He received a thorough education in the public schools attended the Alfred univer;

White cottage

sity of

and Fultonham schools of Ohio; he has spent over forty years in the school room as a teacher and hundreds of

college



torical society. Axtell, John

was born Aug.

Thomas, physician, surgeon, 11, 1856, in Roseville, 111.

He

received the rudiments of his education in the common schools of

Kansas;

in 1879-80 he attended the university of Michigan; and in 1883 he graduated from the Bellevue hospital medical college. For many years he filled the chair of orthopedic surgery in the college of physicians and surgeons of the

university etor

of

the

Axtell

He

of

Kansas

the proprihospital and training City.

is

physicians

surgeon in the state of New York, and practices his profession in

ticles to

Misouri; and in 1869-80 was civil engineer of the St. Louis iron mountain and southern railway. In 1888-89 he was vice-president and receiver of the Richmond and Allegheny railroad; in 1880-89 was vice-president of the Chesapeake and Ohio railway company; and was chairman of the boards of directors of the Toledo and Ohio central and of the Kanawha and Michigan railway companies. He is also president of the Virginia hot springs company of Richmond, Va. He is a member of the American society of civil engineers; and a member of the Virginia his-

of

York; and from the

and surgeons at Baltimore, Md. He has attained success as an eminent physician and

his pupils have become prominent teachers and successful business men. He has also contributed valuable ar-

educational literature. Axtell, Decatur, civil engineer, railroad president, was born Feb. 8, 1848, in Elyria, Ohio. He was educated at the Illinois college of Jacksonville, 111. He has held civil engineering positions on the Pacific railroad of

New

graduated

Alfred City, N.Y. He is now coroner for Allegany county, N.Y.; and has filled various positions of trust and honor. He is a member of several medical associations

and

scientific societies;

president of the Allegany

and

is

now

county medical

society.

Aycock, Charles B., lawyer, governor, was born Nov. 1, 1859, in Fremont, N.C. He was educated in the schools and academies of Fremont, Wilson and Kingston; and graduated from the university of North Carolina. For several years he was county superintendent of education for Wayne county, N. was district democratic elector in 1888;, C. and elector-at-large in 1902. He has attained prominence as one of the foremost lawyers

of the state of North Carolina; and in 189398 served with distinction as United States attorney. In 1901-05 he was governor of North Carolina. For many years he has been a member of the board of trustees of Goldsboro graded schools; and a trustee of the university of North Carolina.

Aycrigg, John B., congressman, was born New York. In 1837-43 he was a representative from New Jersey to the twenty-fifth and twenty-seventh congresses; in 1839-41 he did not take his seat. In 1844 he was a presidential elector. He died in New Jersey. Ayer, Clarence Walter, educator, librarian, was born May 29, 1862, in Haverhill, Mass. He was educated in the public schools of his native city; in 1885 received the degree of in

from Harvard college;; and in 1888 received the degree of A.M. from that institution of learning. In 1886-91 he was a priA.B'.