Page:Handbook of style in use at the Riverside press, Cambridge, Massachusetts (IA handbookofstylei00riverich).pdf/38

 The Dash

Two dashes are frequently used as equivalent to parentheses; the author’s choice should be consulted.

In connecting consecutive numbers, omit the hundreds from the second number; if the next to the last figure in the first number is a cipher, repeat this in the second number. Use an en dash. For example, pp. 224–29; 1904–09.

Use an en dash as a hyphen in a line consisting of capitals.

Set the em dash off from the text with 5-em spaces. No spaces are used with an en dash.

Use an em dash where a sentence is interrupted or ends abruptly.

Use a 2-em dash to indicate the omission of the whole or a part of a word or name which it is not desired to print in full.

Quotation Marks

Double quotation marks are used for primary quotation; for a quotation within a quotation, single; going back to double for the third, to single for the fourth, etc. The marks should be separated by a thin space from the adjacent letters or marks of punctuation. No space is needed, however, between a comma or period and the apostrophes closing the quotation.

Quote—

A word or phrase accompanied by its definition; as, “Drop-folio” means a page number at the foot of a page.

An unusual, technical, or ironical word or phrase in the text, whether or not accompanied by a word like so-called, directing attention to it.

A word or phrase to which attention is particularly directed; as, The words “liberty” and “freedom” and “the people” fall glibly from the lips of the demagogue.

Titles of publications—books, plays, poems, pamphlets, and periodicals—mentioned in the text. In titles of periodicals, do not treat “the” as part of the name—print, “The following item is from the ‘Boston Herald’ of July 10”; “The last number of the ‘Atlantic Monthly’” Do not quote names of books of the Bible. See sections on Italics and Footnotes.

Cited titles of subdivisions, e.g., parts, books, chapters, etc., of publications. Titles of articles, lectures, sermons, etc.